37414-44-1Relevant articles and documents
Efficient platinum(II) catalyzed hydroformylation reaction in water: Unusual product distribution in micellar media
Gottardo, Marina,Scarso, Alessandro,Paganelli, Stefano,Strukul, Giorgio
experimental part, p. 2251 - 2262 (2010/12/25)
The hydroformylation of a variety of terminal and internal alkenes is efficiently performed by cationic platinum triflate complexes of the type [P2Pt(H2O)2](OTf)2 under mild conditions in an aqueous micellar medium. The use of surfactants is essential to ensure dissolution of the catalyst and substrate in water with catalysts being positioned on the anionic surface of the micelles. Aldehydes are obtained with linear to branched ratios up to >99:1. With styrene derivatives also the corresponding benzaldehydes are formed. The catalyst can be separated by extraction of the organic products with hexane and recycled for at least four times with only a modest loss of activity and no effect on selectivity.
Phosphine oxides as ligands in the hydroformylation reaction
Abu-Gnim, Chalil,Amer, Ibrahim
, p. 235 - 243 (2007/10/03)
A new rhodium-phosphine oxide system has been investigated in the hydroformylation reaction. Some of the phosphine oxide ligands of type 2-12 (i.e. R2N(CH2)nP(O)R′2, R′ = Ph, Cy; n = 0, 1, 2, 3; R = Me, Et, iPr, or NR2 = 2-pyridyl) were found to be better ligands than the phosphine analogues (i.e. R2N(CH)2PR′2) in the hydroformylation of olefins catalyzed by rhodium complexes. Detailed examination of factors controlling the selectivity for aldehydes formation revealed the following characteristics of the reaction: (a) use of ligands having bulkier amino groups decrease the yield of the aldehydes slightly; (b) ligands having amino groups with low basicity decrease the rate of the hydroformylation dramatically; (c) the electronic properties of the phosphine oxide group have no influence on the hydroformylation reaction; (d) uncoordinating solvents of low polarity such as dichloromethane, chloroform and toluene gave the best reaction rate and selectivity; (e) spectroscopic investigation of the hydroformylation of styrene catalyzed by rhodium with ligand 2 shows that the ligand is coordinated by the amino and the phosphine oxide groups under 1 atm of CO-H2 and only by the amino group under 600 lbf in-2 of CO-H2.