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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Lanthanide Amides: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Selective Hydrosilylation of Alkenes

The first examples of cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) lanthanide (Ln) complexes were synthesized from the reaction of CAAC with Yb[N(SiMe3)2]2 and Eu[N(SiMe3)2]2(THF)2 (THF = tetrahydrofuran). The structures of (CAAC)Yb[N(SiMe3)2]2 (2) and (CAAC)Eu[N(SiMe3)2]2(THF) (3) were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Density functional theory calculations of 2 revealed the predominantly ionic bond between the Ln ion and CAAC. Complex 3 enabled catalytic hydrosilylation of aryl- and silylalkenes with primary and secondary silanes in high yields and Markovnikov selectivity.

Solvent-Free Hydrosilylation of Alkenes Catalyzed by Well-Defined Low-Valent Cobalt Catalysts

A solvent-free cobalt-catalyzed highly selective hydrosilylation of alkenes has been developed. It was found that both Co(PMe3)4 and CoCl(PMe3)3 are highly active catalysts for hydrosilylation of alkenes. The former promoted Markovnikov-type hydrosilylation of the aryl alkenes, while the latter catalyzed anti-Markovnikov-type hydrosilylation of the alkyl alkenes. These two catalytic systems tolerate a variety of functional groups and provide high selectivity and medium to high yield. In the exploration of the reaction mechanism, a dinuclear silyl cobalt(I) complex [(PMe3)2Co(μ-?2-HSiPh2)2Co(PMe3)2] (4) from the Co(PMe3)4 system and a silyl cobalt dihydride [(PMe3)3Co(H)2SiClPh2] (5) from the CoCl(PMe3)3 system were obtained. It is proposed that the silyl cobalt(I) intermediate, [Co(PMe3)3(SiHPh2)], is the real catalyst for the Co(PMe3)4 system, while the hydrido cobalt(I) intermediate, [HCo(PMe3)3], is the real catalyst for the CoCl(PMe3)3 system. Complexes 4 and 5 were characterized by spectroscopic methods and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Selectivity Reverse of Hydrosilylation of Aryl Alkenes Realized by Pyridine N-Oxide with [PSiP] Pincer Cobalt(III) Hydride as Catalyst

Six silyl cobalt(III) hydrides 1-6 with [PSiP] pincer ligands having different substituents at the P and Si atoms ([(2-Ph2PC6H4)2MeSiCo(H)(Cl)(PMe3)] (1), [(2-Ph2PC6H4)2HSiCo(H)(Cl)(PMe3)] (2), [(2-Ph2PC6H4)2PhSiCo(H)(Cl)(PMe3)] (3), [(2-iPr2PC6H4)2HSiCo(H)(Cl)(PMe3)] (4), [(2-iPr2PC6H4)2MeSiCo(H)(Cl)(PMe3)] (5), and [(2-iPr2PC6H4)2PhSiCo(H)(Cl)(PMe3)] (6)) were synthesized through the reactions of the ligands (L1-L6) with CoCl(PMe3)3 via Si-H bond cleavage. Compounds 1-6 have catalytic activity for alkene hydrosilylation, and among them, complex 3 is the best catalyst with excellent anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity. A silyl dihydrido cobalt(III) complex 7 from the reaction of 3 with Ph2SiH2 was isolated, and its catalytic activity is equivalent to that of complex 3. Complex 7 and its derivatives 10-12 could also be obtained through the reactions of complexes 3, 1, 4, and 5 with NaBHEt3. The molecular structure of 7 was indirectly verified by the structures of 10-12. To our delight, the addition of pyridine N-oxide reversed the selectivity of the reaction, from anti-Markovnikov to Markovnikov addition. At the same time, the reaction temperature was reduced from 70 to 30 °C on the premise of high yield and excellent selectivity. However, this catalytic system is only applicable to aromatic alkenes. On the basis of the experimental information, two reaction mechanisms are proposed. The molecular structures of cobalt(III) complexes 3-6 and 10-12 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

-Chelate Cobalt(III) Hydride Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Alkenes

Bidentate ligand 2-diphenylphosphinobenzaldehyde or 2-diisopropylphosphinobenzaldehyde reacted with CoCl(PMe3)3 to give [P,C]-chelate cobalt(III) hydrides [mer-(Me3P)3Co(H)(Cl)(o-Ph2P-C6H4-C═O)] (1) or [mer-(Me3P)3Co(H)(Cl)(o-iPr2P-C6H4-C═O)] (2), respectively. Complex 2 was new and characterized by spectroscopic methods and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that both complex 1 and 2 are active catalysts for hydrosilylation of alkenes. Although the catalytic activity of 1 is slightly higher, catalyst 1 and 2 have the same selectivity. The selectivity for aromatic alkenes is mainly of the Markovnikov type, while the selectivity for aliphatic alkenes is almost 100% anti-Markovnikov type. In the study of the reaction mechanism, a silyl cobalt dihydride [(Ph2ClSi)Co(H)2(PMe3)3] was isolated from the stoichiometric reaction of hydride 1 with Ph2SiH2. The catalytic mechanism for alkene hydrosilylation with [HCo(PMe3)3] as a real catalyst is proposed and discussed with the experimental results.

Synthesis and properties of [PCP] pincer silylene cobalt(i) complexes

In this study, two [PCP] pincer silylene cobalt(i) complexes [((Ph2POCH2)2CH)Co(PMe3)(SiCl((NtBu)2CAr))] (Ar = Ph (2) and 4-MePh (3)) were synthesized through the substitution reaction of t

The Effect of Substituents on the Formation of Silyl [PSiP] Pincer Cobalt(I) Complexes and Catalytic Application in Both Nitrogen Silylation and Alkene Hydrosilylation

Four different [PSiP]-pincer ligands L1-L4 ((2-Ph2PC6H4)2SiHR (R = H (L1) and Ph (L2)) and (2-iPr2PC6H4)2SiHR′ (R′ = Ph (L3) and H (L4)) were used to investigate the effect of substituents at P and/or Si atom of the [PSiP] pincer ligands on the formation of silyl cobalt(I) complexes by the reactions with CoMe(PMe3)4 via Si-H cleavage. Two penta-coordinated silyl cobalt(I) complexes, (2-Ph2PC6H4)2HSiCo(PMe3)2 (1) and (2-Ph2PC6H4)2PhSiCo(PMe3)2 (2), were obtained from the reactions of L1 and L2 with CoMe(PMe3)4, respectively. Under similar reaction conditions, a tetra-coordinated cobalt(I) complex (2-iPr2PC6H4)2PhSiCo(PMe3) (3) was isolated from the interaction of L3 with CoMe(PMe3)4. It was found that, only in the case of ligand L4, silyl dinitrogen cobalt(I) complex 4, [(2-iPr2PC6H4)2HSiCo(N2)(PMe3)], was formed. Our results indicate that the increasing of electron cloud density at the Co center is beneficial for the formation of a dinitrogen cobalt complex because the large electron density at Co center leads to the enhancement of the ?-backbonding from cobalt to the coordinated N2. It was found that silyl dinitrogen cobalt(I) complex 4 is an effective catalyst for catalytic transformation of dinitrogen into silylamine. Among these four silyl cobalt(I) complexes, complex 1 is the best catalyst for hydrosilylation of alkenes with excellent regioselectivity. For aromatic alkenes, catalyst 1 provided Markovnikov products, while for aliphatic alkenes, anti-Markovnikov products could be obtained. Both catalytic reaction mechanisms were proposed and discussed. The molecular structures of complexes 1-4 were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Synthesis method of phenyl(1-phenylethyl)silane

The invention relates to a synthesis method of a phenyl(1-phenethyl)silane compound. The method comprises the following steps that a styrene compound shown as a formula I and a silane compound shown as a formula II are used as reaction raw materials, and the phenyl (1-phenethyl) silane compound shown as a formula III is obtained through a heating reaction in the presence of alkali and a solvent, wherein in the reaction formula, Y1-Y5 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, C1-22 alkyl, C1-22 haloalkyl, hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl, amino, carboxyl, an ester group, cyano,phenyl, benzyl or nitro, and R1, R2 and R3 are independently selected from an aryl group, a hydrogen atom or a C1-22 alkyl group. The synthesis method has the advantages of simple raw materials, highreaction yield, convenience in operation, industrial potential and the like, and a simple and efficient preparation method is provided for the phenyl(1-phenethyl)silane compound.

Pincer Cobalt Hydride Catalyzed Distinct Selective Hydrosilylation of Aryl Alkene and Alkyl Alkene

The reactions of unsymmetrical N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) [CNC]-pincer preligands with CoMe(PMe3)4 gave rise to NHC [CNC]-pincer cobalt(III) hydrides, [(CcarbeneNaminoCnaphthyl)Co(H)(PMe3)2] (3a) and (3b), via Csp2-H activation and the unexpected trans-bischelate [Ccarbene, Namino] cobalt(II) complexes 4a and 4b via a disproportionation reaction, respectively. It was found that both 3a and 3b are efficient catalysts for hydrosilylation of alkenes. With aryl alkenes as substrates, 3a has high Markovnikov selectivity in excellent yields, while 3a is an efficient anti-Markovnikov catalyst in good yields with alkyl alkenes as substrates. The catalytic process could be promoted with pyridine N-oxide as an initiator. The catalytic mechanisms for the two different selectivities were proposed. Complexes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b were characterized by spectroscopic methods, and the molecular structures of 3b, 4a, and 4b were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Cationic nickel(II)-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkenes: Role of p, n?type ligand scaffold on selectivity and reactivity

Seven structurally similar cationic nickel(II)?alkyl complexes were synthesized by using a series of P, N ligands, and their reactivity was explored in the hydrosilylation of alkenes. More electron-rich phosphines enhanced the overall reactivity of the transformation; in contrast, groups on the imine donor had little impact. Overall, these catalysts displayed reactivity and selectivity that was previously unknown or very rare in nickel-catalyzed hydrosilylation. In reactions with Ph2SiH2, 1,2-disubstituted vinylarenes showed complete benzylic selectivity for silane addition, whereas terminal selectivity was observed for 1,1-disubstituted alkenes. The related PhSiH3 led to exclusively Markovnikov selectivity for monosubstituted vinylarenes with no competing double addition observed. Mechanistic investigations supported the hypothesis that a Ni?H functions as the active species in this catalytic hydrosilylation, which in turn also showed catalytic competence for the silane redistribution reaction, especially with sterically unhindered silanes.

Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Hydrosilylation of Alkynes Catalyzed by Tridentate Cobalt Complexes

Several cobalt complexes bearing tridentate (NNN) ligands were synthesized and served as precatalysts for alkyne hydrosilylation with Ph2SiH2. For terminal alkynes, the catalyst L2 b-CoCl2 was selected, and resulted in the corresponding α-vinylsilanes with high (Markovnikov) regioselectivity and extensive functional-group tolerance. For internal diaryl alkynes, the catalyst L2 c-CoCl2 exhibited the best activity, and afforded E-selective vinylsilanes through syn-addition in excellent yield under mild conditions.