37868-80-7

Upstream product

• 2295-31-0 thiazoline-2,4-dione 
• 100-44-7 benzyl chloride 
• 39131-10-7 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione potassium salt 
• 100-39-0 benzyl bromide 

Downstream Products

• 27472-61-3 3-benzyl-5-[3-(5-nitro-furan-2-yl)-allylidene]-thiazolidine-2,4-dione 
• 58954-02-2 3-benzyl-5-(bis-methylsulfanyl-methylene)-thiazolidine-2,4-dione 
• 497082-20-9 3-benzyl-4-chloro-2-oxo-2,3-dihydrothiazole-5-carbaldehyde 
• 1244142-66-2 C₂₆H₂₀N₂O₂S 
• 1213235-99-4 C₁₇H₁₂ClN₅O₂S₃ 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Reduction of carrageenan-induced acute pulmonary inflammation in mice by novel thiazolidinedione derivative LPSF/RA-4

A number of studies have demonstrated the biological activities of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. However, few studies have addressed the effects of the agonists of these receptors on lung diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of a novel synthetic thiazolidine derivative (5Z)-3-benzyl-5-(1H-indol-3-ylmethylene)-thiazolidine- 2,4-dione (LPSF/RA-4) on acute lung inflammation (pleurisy) induced by carrageenan. Forty mice were randomly allocated to the following groups: (I) saline control group (sham); (II) carrageenan (CAR) group; (III) CAR+LPSF/RA-4 group treated with LPSF/RA-4 (60 μmol/kg); and (IV) INDO group treated with indometacin (5 mg/kg). Total cell counts and the measure of nitric oxide (NO) were performed in pleural exudates. Lung fragments were processed for light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The influx of leucocytes and NO levels were significantly reduced following treatment with LPSF/RA-4 and INDO. Histopathological and ultrastructural analyses of the CAR group revealed evident tissue alterations, such as oedema, infiltrates of inflammatory cells and emphysema. These alterations were significantly reduced in the groups treated with LPSF/RA-4 or INDO. Immunohistochemistry revealed an increase in inflammatory markers (COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β) in the lung tissue of the CAR group, whereas the groups treated with LPSF/RA-4 and INDO exhibited significant reductions in such immunomarkers. Western blot analysis revealed an increased expression of COX-2 and IL-1 in the CAR group, which was reduced by treatment with LPSF/RA-4. The present findings demonstrate the potent anti-inflammatory action of the novel derivative thiazolidinedione LPSF/RA-4 in acute lung injury induced by carrageenan.

Diversity-oriented synthesis of spirothiazolidinediones and their biological evaluation

We report a new synthetic approach to assemble spirothiazolidinediones via a [2 + 2 + 2] cyclotrimerization reaction and the derivatives were further functionalized through DA chemistry and click reaction. Using flow cytometry, it was shown for the first

5-Benzylidene, 5-benzyl, and 3-benzylthiazolidine-2,4-diones as potential inhibitors of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier: Effects on mitochondrial functions and survival in Drosophila melanogaster

A series of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) were synthesized and screened for their effect on the mitochondrial respiration as well as on several mitochondrial respiratory system components of Drosophila melanogaster. Substituted and non-substituted 5-benzylidene and 5-benzylthiazolidine-2,4-diones were investigated. The effect of a substitution in position 3, at the nitrogen atom, of the thiozolidine heterocycle was also investigated. The designed TZDs were compared to UK5099, the most potent mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitor, in in vitro and in vivo tests. Compared to 5-benzylthiazolidine-2,4-diones 6–7 and 3-benzylthiazolidine-2,4-dione 8, 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-diones 2–5 showed more inhibitory capacity on mitochondrial respiration. 5-(4-Hydroxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (3) and 5-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (5) were among the best compounds that compared well with UK5099. Additionally, TZDs 3 and 5, showed no effects on the non-coupled respiration and weak effects on pathways using substrates such as proline, succinate, and G3P. 5-Benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione 3 showed a positive effect on survival and lifespan when added to Drosophila standard and high fat diet. Interestingly, analog 3 completely reversed the effects of high fat diet on Drosophila longevity and induced metabolic changes which suggests an in vivo inhibition of MPC at the mitochondrial level.

Design, synthesis,: In silico molecular modelling studies and biological evaluation of novel indole-thiazolidinedione hybrid analogues as potential pancreatic lipase inhibitors

Pancreatic lipase (PL) is a key enzyme responsible for the digestion of dietary triglycerides; hence its inhibition is considered as a promising target for the management and/or treatment of obesity. A new series of indole-thiazolidinedione (TZD) hybrid analogues were synthesized using a molecular hybridisation approach and evaluated for their anti-obesity effects via PL inhibition. The targeted analogues were synthesized via the condensation reaction between various substituted isatin with TZD in the presence of aqueous KOH in methanol. Amongst the synthesized analogues, 7k and 7m exhibited a potential PL inhibitory activity (IC50-7.30 and 9.51 μM, respectively). Kinetic study of these potent analogues revealed their competitive mode of enzyme inhibition. This fact was confirmed via fluorescence spectroscopy which further suggested the presence of one binding site for the synthesized analogues. Molecular docking of the synthesized analogues was performed using human PL (PDB ID: 1LPB). The obtained MolDock scores were aligned with the in vitro PL inhibitory activity (Pearson's r = 0.9108, p 0.05). Moreover, a stable conformation of the 1LPB-ligands suggested the stability of these complexes in the dynamic environment. These studies provided a basis for the potential role of the indole-TZD hybrids in PL inhibition and further optimization might result in the development of new lead candidates for obesity treatment.

Design, synthesis of novel (Z)-2-(3-(4-((3-benzyl-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenoxy)-N-arylacetamide derivatives: Evaluation of cytotoxic activity and molecular docking studies

In an attempt to discover potential cytotoxic agents, a series of novel (Z)-2-(3-(4-((3-benzyl-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) phenoxy)-N-arylacetamide derivatives 11a-n were synthesized in varied steps with acceptable reaction procedures with good yields and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and ESI-MS spectra. All the novel synthesized derivatives were assessed for their cytotoxic activity against human breast cell line (MCF-7) with different concentration of 0.625 μM, 1.25 μM, 2.5 μM, 5 μM and 10 μM respectively. Biological evaluation assay results were displayed in terms of percentage of cell viability reduction and IC50 values. Most of the screened derivatives demonstrated moderate to promising cytotoxic activity. Some of the derivatives, particularly compound 11d and 11n have shown promising cytotoxic activity with IC50 values 0.604 μM and 0.665 μM compared to standard drug cisplatin and compounds 11a, 11e and 11g also have shown considerable cytotoxic activity and the rest of the derivatives have shown moderate activity. Furthermore, molecular docking calculations and ADME properties of the synthesized molecules are in effective compliance with the cytotoxic evaluation results.

Design, synthesis of (Z)-3-benzyl-5-((1-phenyl-3-(3-((1- substituted phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione analogues as potential cytotoxic agents

In an attempt to achieve promising cytotoxic agents, a series of new (Z)-3-benzyl-5-((1-phenyl-3-(3-((1-substituted phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-diones 10 a-n were designed, synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and ESI-MS techniques. These compounds synthesized from appropriate reaction procedures with better yields. All the novel synthesized compounds 10a-n were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 cell line (Human breast cancer cell line) at different concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM, respectively. The cytotoxic evaluation assay is presented in terms of IC50 values and percentage cell viability reduction compared against standard drug cisplatin. Among all novel synthesized compounds 10a-n, some of the representative analogues particularly 10g and 10e exhibit remarkable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values 0.454 and 0.586 μM, comparable to that of the standard drug cisplatin, and some analogues 10d, 10f, 10k, and 10m also have shown significant activity.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiazolidine-2,4-dione-pyrazole conjugates as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents

A series of fourteen novel thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives clubbed with pyrazole moiety were synthesized via four step reaction procedure. Reactions were monitored by thin layer chromatography and were characterized by physicochemical and spectrophotometric (IR, Mass, 1HNMR and 13CNMR) analysis. The spectral data were in good agreement with their structures. The title compounds were docked against peroxisome proliferated activated receptors (PPAR-γ) and alpha-amylase and further evaluated for in vivo and in vitro antidiabetic, in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Compound GB14 exhibited significant blood glucose lowering activity and was also found to be active inhibitor of alpha-amylase. Compound GB7 was found to be potent anti-inflammatory agent in terms of reducing inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-β, MDA) and also showed antioxidant activity to good extent. Therefore, these compounds may be considered as promising candidates for the development of new antidiabetic agents.

Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of β-carboline-linked 2,4-thiazolidinedione hybrids: potential DNA intercalation and apoptosis-inducing studies

A series of new β-carboline-thiazolidinedione hybrids was synthesized and assessed for in vitro cytotoxicity potential against selected human cancer cell lines, namely, PC-3, A549, MG-63, HCT-15, MDA-MB-231, A431, and PANC-1 along with a normal human cell line (L-132). Among this new series, compound 19e was found to exhibit promising cytotoxic effects against triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) with IC50 value of 0.97 ± 0.13 μM. Hence, further mechanistic studies of the apoptosis-inducing effect of 19e were conducted on the MDA-MB-23 cell line. Moreover, characteristic apoptotic features such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and apoptotic body formation were observed with the effect of 19e on MDA-MB-231 cells using AO/EB and DAPI staining. The Annexin V-Alexa Flour 488/PI assay confirmed significant early apoptosis induction. Notably, DCFDA assay indicated that 19e induced ROS generation. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse was observed through JC-1 staining by 19e. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis revealed that 19e arrested cells in the sub G1 phase. In addition, clonogenic and wound healing assays indicated inhibition of colony formation and cell migration by 19e in a dose-dependent manner. Next, molecular modelling and DNA binding affinity studies such as relative viscosity, circular dichroism and UV-visible spectroscopy denoted classic intercalation of 19e with CT-DNA with binding constant of 1 × 105 M?1.

Conventional and microwave-assisted synthesis of new 1H-benzimidazole-thiazolidinedione derivatives: A potential anticancer scaffold

A series of new benzimidazole bearing thiazolidinedione derivatives has been designed, synthesized by using conventional as well as microwave-assisted methods. Microwave-assisted synthesis caused a significant reduction in the reaction times and improvement in the yields of all the derivatives. All the new synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic potential against selected human cancer cell lines of breast (MDAMB-231), prostate (PC-3), cervical (HeLa), lung (A549) and bone (HT1080) along with a normal kidney cells (HeK-293T). The compounds 17n, 17p and 17q were found to be potent cytotoxic with IC50 values in the range of 0.096–0.63 μM on PC-3, HeLa, A549 and HT1080 cancer cells. Most of the compounds have found to be safe on normal HeK-293T kidney cells in comparison to cancer cells. The treatment of cells with 17p and 17q showed the typical apoptotic morphological features like fragmentation and shrinkage of nuclei. Further, test compounds resulted in inhibition of cell migration through disruption of F-actin protein assembly. Hoechst, DCFH-DA staining, mitochondrial membrane and annexin binding assays revealed that the cancer cell proliferation was inhibited through induction of apoptosis in A549 cells.

Structural exploration, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as iNOS inhibitors against inflammatory diseases

In our previous work, 3I inhibited the LPS-induced iNOS activity and NO production in RAW 264.7 cells and improved joint inflammation and cartilage destruction in inflammatory model. In this study, we synthesized 59 derivatives and bioisosteres on the bas