37989-84-7Relevant articles and documents
Identification of a new mutagenic polychlorinated biphenyl derivative in the Waka River, Wakayama, Japan, showing activation of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent transcription
Takamura-Enya, Takeji,Watanabe, Tetsushi,Tada, Atsuko,Hirayama, Teruhisa,Nukaya, Haruo,Sugimura, Takashi,Wakabayashi, Keiji
, p. 419 - 425 (2002)
Water samples from the Waka River, which runs through an area housing many chemical industry facilities in Wakayama, Japan, have been found to show significant mutagenicity, especially without a mammalian metabolic activation system (S9 mix) in the Salmonella typhimurium YG1024 strain. Mutagens in the river water were adsorbed to 3 kg of blue cotton, extracted with methanol/ammonia, and separated by several low- and high-pressure liquid chromatography steps with reversed-phase columns. One mutagen (0.6 mg), accounting for 50% of the total mutagenicity of the adsorbed materials, was isolated. On the basis of the mass, high-resolution mass, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra, the chemical was determined to have a polychlorinated biphenyl skeleton with nitro and amino substitution groups. Well-designed chemical synthesis of the putative mutagen revealed it to be 4-amino-3,3′-dichloro-5,4′-dinitrobiphenyl. This novel compound exerted strong mutagenicity without the S9 mix, inducing 66 000 and 140 000 revertants/nmol in S. typhimurium TA98 and YG1024, respectively. Moreover, this polychlorinated biphenyl derivative was proven to activate the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription in a lac Z reporter gene assay with an efficiency almost the same as that of β-naphthoflavone, well-known to be a synthetic aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist. It is possible that the mutagen is formed unintentionally via postemission modification of drainage water containing parent chemicals, such as 3,3′-dichlorobenzidine or 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-dinitrobiphenyl, which are known to be raw materials in the manufacture of polymers and dye intermediates in chemical plants.
Process for the preparation of high quality 3,3′,4,4′-tetraminobiphenyl
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Page column 4-5, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of pure high quality 3,3′, 4,4′-tetraminobiphenyl (TAB) in high yields. The present invention also discloses a process for the preparation of 3,3′,4,4′ tetraminobiphenyl (TAB) comprising a three step process: (1) oxidation 3,3′-dichloro 4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (DCB) with 50% aq. H2O2, (2) ammonolysis of the resulting 3,3′-dinitro 4,4′-dinitrobiphenyl (DCDNB) and (3) reduction of 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-dinitrobiphenyl (DADNB) with stannous chloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Aryloxy p-benzidine compounds
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, (2008/06/13)
There are provided substituted p-benzidines of the formula STR1 wherein Ar is phenyl or phenoxyphenyl.
