39150-37-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
A new water-soluble near-neutral ratiometric fluorescent pH indicator
Yao, Sheng,Schafer-Hales, Katherine J.,Belfield, Kevin D.
, p. 5645 - 5648 (2007)
Donor-π-acceptor fluorene derivative 1c is a near-neutral pH indicator whose pKa of ～7.0 was determined by both absorption and fluorescence methods. 1c satisfies important criteria for a sensitive ratiomeric fluorescent pH indicator with a distinctive isoemissive point, good dispersion in cell cytosol, and low cytotoxicity. Furthermore, its 2PA cross section of 100 GM in its neutral form suggests its potential in two-photon fluorescence imaging applications.
Fluorene-morpholine-based organic nanoparticles: Lysosome-targeted pH-triggered two-photon photodynamic therapy with fluorescence switch on-off
Gangopadhyay, Moumita,Mukhopadhyay, Sourav K.,Gayathri, Sree,Biswas, Sandipan,Barman, Shrabani,Dey, Satyahari,Singh, N. D. Pradeep
, p. 1862 - 1868 (2016/03/12)
Nanocarrier-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective tool for anti-tumour treatment due to the targeted and image-guided delivery of photosensitizers (PSs) to diseased tissues. These nanocarriers range from inorganic, ceramic, polymeric to biological nanoparticles (NPs). Such PS-grafted bicomponent nanocarriers have limitations like (i) difficulty in surface modification, (ii) lower loading percentages of the therapeutic agent, (iii) unstable physical encapsulation, etc. By any means, if we can prepare PSs directly as NPs then we can surpass the above drawbacks. Hence, we synthesised new two-photon fluorene-functionalised morpholine (Fluo-Mor)-based organic NPs that showed strong fluorescence and profound photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity only in acidic medium. Such a pH-responsive appearance of fluorescence enables Fluo-Mor NPs for the real time monitoring of photodynamic therapeutic activity selectively in low-pH organelles viz. lysosome. Cytotoxicity of Fluo-Mor NPs was monitored using time-dependent and dose-dependent cancer cell viability assay and confocal imaging.
Two-photon absorbing water soluble fluorescent probe as a near neutral pH indicator
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Page/Page column 3, (2012/08/08)
Disclosed are fluorescent compounds useful as intracellular pH probes. In particular, the invention teaches a two-photon absorbing, water soluble, fluorescent compound, a fluorene derivative, which is effective as a near-neutral pH indicator and particularly as an intracellular probe. A method for chemical synthesis of the claimed compounds is provided.
Mechanism-Based Inactivation of N-Arylhydroxamic Acid N,O-Acyltransferase by 7-Substituted-N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorenes
Marhevka, Virginia C.,Ebner, Nancy A.,Sehon, Russell D.,Hanna, Patrick E.
, p. 18 - 24 (2007/10/02)
N-Arylhydroxamic acid N,O-acyltransferase (AHAT) catalyzes the transfer of the N-acetyl group from N-arylhydroxamic acids to arylamines.In the absence of an arylamine acceptor, AHAT catalyzes the conversion of N-arylhydroxamic acids to reactive electrophilic intermediates that become irreversibly bound to cellular nucleophiles, including those present on AHAT itself.As a part of an investigation of the AHAT-catalyzed bioactivation process, a series of 7-substituted analogues of N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene (1) was synthesized and evaluated in vitro as substrates andinactivators of a partially purified hamster hepatic AHAT preparation.All of the compounds functioned as acetyl donors in the AHAT-catalyzed transacetylation of 4-aminoazobenzene (AAB) and all of them were inactivators of AHAT.The inactivation process exhibited apparent first-order kinetics, and the 7-methoxy compound exhibited the largest inactivation rate constant.Quantitative structure-activity analysis provided support for the concept that positively charged species are involved in the inactivation of AHAT by this series of compounds.Results of experiments in which nucleophilic trapping agents such as glutathione, cysteine, methionine, guanosine phosphate, and tRNA were included in incubation mixtures with AHAT and the N-arylhydroxamic acids indicated that electrophiles which diffuse away from the enzyme active site participate in the inactivation process.
