39657-45-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Iminium-Ion Formation and Deuterium Exchange by Acetone in the Presence of Pyrrolidine, Pyrazolidine, Isoxazolidine, and Their Acyclic Analogues
Hine, Jack,Evangelista, Ramon A.
, p. 1649 - 1655 (1980)
Equilibrium constants for iminium-ion formation in the reaction of acetone in aqueous solution at 35 deg C with pyrazolidinium, isoxazolidinium, O,N-dimethylhydroxylammonium, and N,N'-dimethylhydrazinium ions were found to be 9.33, 8.96, 0.117, and 0.057 M-1, respectively.The kinetics of hydrolysis of the iminium ions were studied in every case except that of the N-isopropylidene-O,N-dimethylhydroxylammonium ion, whose hydrolysis is too fast to follow by the techniques used with the other iminium ions.The rate of hydrolysis of the N-isopropylidenepyrazolium ion is independent of the pH from about pH 3 to 6; it is hydrogen ion catalyzed at lower pHs and hydroxide ion catalyzed at higher pHs.The rate of hydrolysis of N-isopropylideneisoxazolidinium ions is pH independent from pH 0.5 to about 2, increases until about pH 4, remains pH independent until pH 6.5, and has become too fast to measure above pH 8.Both reactions are general base catalyzed in all the buffers studied.A mechanism is described to fit the kinetics of each of these reactions.The dedeuteration of acetone-d6 was studied in pyridine buffers in the presence of each of the four hydrazine and hydroxylamine derivatives and also in the presence of the dimethylammonium and pyrrolidinium ion (which was also studied in 3-dimethylaminopropionitrile buffers).All six of these secondary ammonium ions catalyze the dedeuteration by transforming the acetone-d6 to an iminium ion that is dedeuterated by pyridine more rapidly than the ketone is.The iminium-ion formation is a relatively rapid eqiuilibrium in all cases except that of pyrrolidinium ions, where the intermediate iminum ion loses deuterium and hydrolyzes at comparable rates, and possibly the case of dimethylammonium ions, where the amount of catalysis via iminium-ion formation is too small to reveal mechanistic details.The effect of structure on the efficiency of catalysis of dedeuteration via iminium-ion formation is discussed.
Preparation method of isoxazolidine hydrochloride
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Paragraph 0047; 0049, (2020/07/13)
The invention belongs to the field of organic synthesis, discloses a new route and a new method for preparing a herbicide intermediate, and particularly relates to a preparation method of isoxazolidine hydrochloride. The preparation method comprises the following steps: subjecting N-hydroxyphthalimide and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane to a condensation reaction in the presence of a solvent A and an acid-binding agent; reacting the condensation product that is 2-(3-chloropropoxy) isoindole-1,3-diketone with hydrochloric acid to obtain the isoxazolidine hydrochloride. The 1-bromo-3-chloropropane is adopted in place of 1,3-dichloropropane, the content and the reaction yield of the isoxazolidine hydrochloride prepared in a proper solvent are higher than those of isoxazolidine hydrochloride preparedby a traditional method, and meanwhile, the byproduct phthalic acid can be recycled. In addition, the post-reaction treatment is simpler, so that the product loss is less. Therefore, the production energy consumption is well controlled, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the reaction safety is improved.
Method for preparing 1,2-tetrahydron isoxazole hydrochloride
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Paragraph 0014; 0015, (2017/12/27)
The invention provides a method for preparing 1,2-tetrahydron isoxazole hydrochloride, and mainly aims to solve the technical problems that a conventional synthesis process is low in yield, not easy in reaction control, inconvenient in experiment operation and the like. The method comprises the following steps: by taking N-t-butyloxycarboryl-hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 1,3-dibromopropane as initial raw materials, sodium alkoxide as an alkali, and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, performing heating reflux for 6 hours so as to prepare N-Boc-tetrahydron isoxazole, and performing Boc protection removal, thereby obtaining 1,2-tetrahydron isoxazole hydrochloride. The 1,2-tetrahydron isoxazole hydrochloride is a useful intermediate for synthesizing multiple medicines.
DERIVATIVES AND METHODS OF TREATING HEPATITIS B INFECTIONS
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Paragraph 0417; 0419, (2016/08/03)
Provided herein are compounds useful for the treatment of HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of inhibiting, suppressing, or preventing HBV infection in the subject.
N-ALKOXYAMIDES OF 6-(TRISUBSTITUTED PHENYL)-4-AMINOPICOLINATES AND THEIR USE AS SELECTIVE HERBICIDES FOR CROPS
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Page/Page column 7, (2010/09/07)
N-Alkoxyamides of 4-aminopicolinic acids and 6-amino-4-pyrimidinecarboxylates are selective herbicides for corn, canola and sugar beet.
Il-8 receptor anatagonists
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, (2008/06/13)
This invention relates to novel compounds of Formula (I), and compositions thereof, useful in the treatment of disease states mediated by the chemokine, Interleukin-8 (IL-8).
Il-8 receptor antagonists
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, (2008/06/13)
This invention relates to novel compounds of Formula (I), and compositions thereof, useful in the treatment of disease states mediated by the chemokine, Interleukin-8 (IL-8).
Hydroxy diphenyl urea sulfonamides as IL-8 receptor antagonists
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, (2008/06/13)
Novell IL-8 compounds and methods of using them are provided.
N-nitroso-N,O-dialkylhydroxylamines: Preparation, structure, and mechanism of the hydronium ion catalysed solvolytic nitrous oxide extrusion reaction
Bhat, J. Ishwara,Clegg, William,Maskill, Howard,Elsegood, Mark R.J.,Menneer, Iain D.,Miatt, Peter C.
, p. 1435 - 1446 (2007/10/03)
Eleven N-nitroso-N,O-dialkylhydroxylamines, RN(NO)OR′, have been prepared and the mechanisms of their hydronium ion catalysed solvolyses in aqueous solution which liberate nitrous oxide have been investigated. All reactions are first-order in substrate and first-order in hydronium ion, and the second-order rate constants at 25°C vary over a range of less than 140 in spite of considerable variation in substrate structure (R ranges from methyl to 4-methoxybenzyl to 2-adamantyl, for example) and changes in solvent composition (water with up to 50% methanol or 66% acetonitrile). Enthalpies and entropies of activation are qualitatively similar throughout the range (ΔH?= 72-93 kJ mol-1 and ΔS? = -19 to -57 J K-1 mol-1) which, with the product analyses, are accommodated by a mechanism involving pre-equilibrium protonation of the substrates followed by rate-limiting dissociation to give RN2O+ and HOR′. The oxodiazonium ion intermediate, RN2O+, then dissociates further to give the carbenium ion intermediate, R+, or suffers direct nucleophilic displacement of N2O by solvent (the external nucleophile) or by R′OH (the internal nucleophile liberated in the initial fragmentation). The carbenium ion, R+ (if formed), suffers nucleophilic capture either by solvent or by R′OH. When acetonitrile is the co-solvent (rather than methanol) for the N-(2-adamantyl) substrate 3g, the product of the Ritter reaction, 2-acetamidoadamantane, is detected. These nitrous oxide liberating reactions are compared with the nitric oxide liberating reactions of related N-nitrosohydroxylamines, and the origin of the difference between them is identified. The N(1)-nitroso group in the N,O-dibenzyl compound 3c is shown by X-ray crystallography to be essentially coplanar with the C and O atoms also bonded to N(1).
α-Amino Acids as Chiral Educts for Asymmetric Products. The Synthesis of α'-Amino-α,β-ynones
Cupps, Thomas L.,Boutin, Raymond H.,Rapoport, Henry
, p. 3972 - 3979 (2007/10/02)
α-Amino acid isoxazolidides have been developed as educts for the preparation of optically pure α'-amino-α,β-ynones.The α-amino acids were first N-protected as their ethoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, or phenylsulfonyl derivatives.The isoxazolidides then were formed by the simple, high yield acylation of isoxazolidine by in situ generated α-amino acid isobutyl carbonic anhydrides.Individual isoxazolidides of L-α-N-substituted alanine, phenylalanine, and methionine, when treated with lithium acetylide, lithium (trimethylsilyl)acetylide, or 1-hexynyllithium, gave high yields of the corresponding optically pure α,β-acetylenic ketones.
