40477-38-1

Upstream product

• 100-42-5 styrene 
• 556-96-7 5-bromo-1,3-xylene 
• 3112-88-7 Benzyl phenyl sulfone 
• 27129-87-9 3,5-dimethylbenzyl alcohol 
• 108-38-3 m-xylene 
• 201278-01-5 1,3-dimethyl-5-(2-phenylethynyl)benzene 
• 34696-73-6 3,5-dimethyphenylmagnesium bromide 
• 536-74-3 phenylacetylene 
• 1342307-08-7 3,5-dimethylphenyl 1H-imidazole-1-sulfonate 
• 6783-05-7 trans-2-phenylvinylboronic acid 
• 140-29-4 phenylacetonitrile 

Downstream Products

• 15254-64-5 1,3-dimethylphenanthrene 
• 86846-72-2 1,3-dimethyl-5-phenethylbenzene 
• 1454309-44-4 2-bromo-5,7-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-indene 
• 1454309-43-3 2-bromo-1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1H-indene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Rhodium-catalyzed cross-coupling of vinylarenes with arylaluminum reagents in the presence of ketones

Rhodium-catalyzed addition/elimination of arylaluminum reagents with vinylarenes was achieved to obtain stilbene derivatives. The reaction of diethyl(phenyl)aluminum with styrene in the presence of the chloro(1,5- cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) dimer, [RhCl(cod)]2, and diisopropyl ketone (2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone) as an additive occurred to give (E)-stilbene in quantitative yield. The use of other arylaluminum reagents afforded β-arylated products in good to excellent yields. This reaction was found to be promoted by ketones as additives, which are reduced to the corresponding alcohols, as confirmed by analysis of the crude reaction mixture by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Ketones play a key role in the Rh-catalyzed addition/elimination of arylaluminum reagents with vinylarenes, which leads to 1,2-diarylethenes in excellent yields; in the absence of ketones, the same products are delivered in only moderate yields. Reaction of diethyl(phenyl) aluminum and styrene with [RhCl(cod)]2 in the presence of diisopropyl ketone gives stilbene in a quantitative yield. Copyright

Arylmagnesiation of alkynes catalyzed cooperatively by iron and copper complexes

Iron and copper complexes cooperatively catalyzed the arylmagnesiation of unfunctionalized alkynes including dialkylacetylenes, where the presence of both iron and copper catalysts is essential for high yields of 2-aryl-1-alkenylmagnesium bromides. Copyright

Room temperature Z-selective hydrogenation of alkynes by hemilabile and non-innocent (NNN)Co(ii) catalysts

Hemilabile and phosphine-free quinolinyl-based NNN-type pincer and non-pincer cobalt complexes were developed for the room temperature catalytic transfer semi-hydrogenation of alkynes to Z-alkenes. Treatment of the quinolinyl-amine ligand, [C9H6N(NH)CH2CH2NEt2] (QNNNCH2NEt2)-H with CoX2 afforded the pincer complexes κ3-(QNNNCH2NEt2)CoX2 (X = Cl, Br), whereas, the quinolinyl-amide ligand, [C9H6N(NH)C(O)CH2NEt2] (QNNNC(O)NEt2)-H gave chelate anionic complexes κ2-(QNN)CoX2(NC(O)HNEt2) (X = Cl, Br). The well-defined anionic non-pincer cobalt complexes efficiently catalyzed the semi-hydrogenation of diverse alkynes to deliver highly chemoselective and stereodivergent Z-alkenes at room temperature. This hydrogenation exhibited broad substrate scope with the tolerance of sensitive functional groups, such as -Cl, -Br, -I, -OH, -NH2, -COOMe, and pyridinyl, employing a stable and user-friendly ammonia borane hydrogen source.

METHODS OF ARENE ALKENYLATION

The present disclosure provides for a rhodium-catalyzed oxidative arene alkenylation from arenes and styrenes to prepare stilbene and stilbene derivatives. For example, the present disclosure provides for method of making arenes or substituted arenes, in particular stilbene and stilbene derivatives, from a reaction of an optionally substituted arene and/or optionally substituted styrene. The reaction includes a Rh catalyst or Rh pre-catalyst material and an oxidant, where the Rh catalyst or Rh catalyst formed Rh pre-catalyst material selectively functionalizes CH bond on the arene compound (e.g., benzene or substituted benzene).

Tandem Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling-Decyanation under Nickel Catalysis

The development of new catalytic processes based on abundantly available starting materials by cheap metals is always a fascinating task and marks an important transition in the chemical industry. Herein, a nickel-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols with nitriles followed by decyanation of nitriles to access diversely substituted olefins is reported. This unprecedented C=C bond-forming methodology takes place in a tandem manner with the formation of formamide as a sole byproduct. The significant advantages of this strategy are the low-cost nickel catalyst, good functional group compatibility (ether, thioether, halo, cyano, ester, amino, N/O/S heterocycles; 43 examples), synthetic convenience, and high reaction selectivity and efficiency.

Synthesis of Stilbenes by Rhodium-Catalyzed Aerobic Alkenylation of Arenes via C-H Activation

Arene alkenylation is commonly achieved by late transition metal-mediated C(sp2)-C(sp2) cross-coupling, but this strategy typically requires prefunctionalized substrates (e.g., with halides or pseudohalides) and/or the presence of a directing group on the arene. Transition metal-mediated arene C-H activation and alkenylation offers an alternative method to functionalize arene substrates. Herein, we report a rhodium-catalyzed oxidative arene alkenylation from arenes and styrenes to prepare stilbene and stilbene derivatives. The reaction is successful with several functional groups on both the arene and the olefin including fluoride, chloride, trifluoromethyl, ester, nitro, acetate, cyanide, and ether groups. Reactions of monosubstituted arenes are selective for alkenylation at the meta and para positions, generally with approximately 2:1 selectivity, respectively. Resveratrol and (E)-1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-(4-methoxystyryl)benzene (DMU-212) are synthesized by this single-step approach in high yield. Comparison with palladium catalysis showed that rhodium catalysis is more selective for meta-functionalization for monosubstituted arenes and that the Rh catalysis has better tolerance of halogen groups.

Aqueous phase semihydrogenation of alkynes over Ni-Fe bimetallic catalysts

Bimetallic Ni-Fe catalysts (Ni/Fe, 1?:?1, 1?:?3, and 3?:?1) are synthesized and explored for their catalytic activity in semihydrogenation of internal alkynes using H2 gas in water-ethanol solution. Our findings revealed that over the Ni1Fe3 catalyst a high diastereoselectivity for Z-alkenes with a high conversion for a wide range of internal alkynes can be achieved at moderate reaction temperature (40 °C). Notably, the selectivity for the Z-alkenes is enhanced in the presence of n-butyl amine as an additive. Deuterium labeling experiments evidenced that H2 gas becomes dissociated homolytically over the catalyst surface to hydrogenate alkynes to alkenes. Synthesized catalysts were successfully characterized by HR-TEM, SEM, XPS, EDS, P-XRD and H2-TPD.

Nickel(ii)-catalyzed direct olefination of benzyl alcohols with sulfones with the liberation of H2

A nickel(ii)-catalyzed direct olefination of benzyl alcohols with sulfones to access various terminal and internal olefins with the liberation of hydrogen gas is reported.

Palladium/copper-catalyzed arylation of alkenes with N′-acyl arylhydrazines

A novel ligand-free palladium/copper-catalyzed Heck-type coupling reaction of alkenes and N′-acyl arylhydrazines has been developed by using air as the terminal oxidant. This protocol features wide functional group tolerance and produces highly chemoselective and regioselective products with good to excellent yields.

High Loading of Pd Nanoparticles by Interior Functionalization of MOFs for Heterogeneous Catalysis

In this report, the issue related to nanoparticle (NP) agglomeration upon increasing their loading amount into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been addressed by functionalization of MOFs with alkyne groups. The alkynophilicity of the Pd2+ (or other noble metals) ions has been utilized successfully for significant loading of Pd NPs into alkyne functionalized MOFs. It has been shown here that the size and loading amount of Pd NPs are highly dependent on the surface area and pore width of the MOFs. The loading amount of Pd NPs was increased monotonically without altering their size distribution on a particular MOF. Importantly, the distinct role of alkyne groups for Pd2+ stabilization has also been demonstrated by performing a control experiment considering a MOF without an alkyne moiety. The preparation of NPs involved two distinct steps viz. adsorption of metal ions inside MOFs and reduction of metal ions. Both of these steps were monitored by microscopic techniques. This report also demonstrates the applicability of Pd@MOF NPs as extremely efficient heterogeneous catalysts for Heck-coupling and hydrogenation reactions of aryl bromides or iodides and alkenes, respectively.