4124-76-9Relevant articles and documents
Solution-phase synthesis of the fluorogenic TGase 2 acyl donor Z-Glu(HMC)-Gly-OH and its use for inhibitor and amine substrate characterisation
L?ser, Reik,Pietsch, Markus,Wodtke, Robert
, (2020/03/04)
A reliable solution-phase synthesis of the water-soluble dipeptidic fluorogenic transglutaminase substrate Z-Glu(HMC)-Gly-OH is presented. The route started from Z-Glu-OH, which was converted into the corresponding cyclic anhydride. This building block was transformed into the regioisomeric α- and γ-dipeptides. The key step was the esterification of Z-Glu-Gly-OtBu with 4-methylumbelliferone. The final substrate compound was obtained in an acceptable yield and excellent purity without the need of purification by RP-HPLC. The advantage of this acyl donor substrate for the kinetic characterisation of inhibitors and amine-type acyl acceptor substrates is demonstrated by evaluating commercially available or literature-known irreversible inhibitors and the biogenic amines serotonin, histamine and dopamine, respectively.
Structure-CaSR-activity relation of kokumi γ-glutamyl peptides
Amino, Yusuke,Nakazawa, Masakazu,Kaneko, Megumi,Miyaki, Takashi,Miyamura, Naohiro,Maruyama, Yutaka,Eto, Yuzuru
, p. 1181 - 1189 (2016/08/11)
Modulation of the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is one of the physiological activities of γ-glutamyl peptides such as glutathione (γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine). γ-Glutamyl peptides also possess a flavoring effect, i.e., sensory activity of kokumi substances, which modifies the five basic tastes when added to food. These activities have been shown to be positively correlated, suggesting that kokumi γ-glutamyl peptides are perceived through CaSRs in humans. Our research is based on the hypothesis that the discovery of highly active CaSR agonist peptides will lead to the creation of practical kokumi peptides. Through continuous study of the structure-CaSR-activity relation of a large number of γ-glutamyl peptides, we have determined that the structural requirements for intense CaSR activity of γ-glutamyl peptides are as follows: existence of an N-terminal γ-L-glutamyl residue; existence of a moderately sized, aliphatic, neutral substituent at the second residue in an L-configuration; and existence of a C-terminal carboxylic acid, preferably with the existence of glycine as the third constituent. By the sensory analysis of γ-glutamyl peptides selected by screening using the CaSR activity assay, γ-glutamylvalylglycine was found to be a potent kokumi peptide. Furthermore, norvaline-containing γ-glutamyl peptides, i.e., γ-glutamylnorvalylglycine and γ-glutamylnorvaline, possessed excellent sensory activity of kokumi substances. A novel, practical industrial synthesis of regiospecific γ-glutamyl peptides is also required for their commercialization, which was achieved through the ring opening reaction of N-α-carbobenzoxy-L-glutamic anhydride and amino acids or peptides in the presence of N-hydroxysuccinimide.
Synthesis and Siderophore Activity of Albomycin-like Peptides Derived from N5-Acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine
Dolence, E. Kurt,Lin, Chia-En,Miller, Marvin J.,Payne, Shelley M.
, p. 956 - 968 (2007/10/02)
N5-Acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine (1), the key constituent of several microbial siderophores, has been synthesized in 23percent yield overall from N-Cbz-L-glutamic acid 1-tert-butyl ester (6) derived from L-glutamic acid.Reduction of 6 to 7 and treatment with N-(trichloroethoxy)carbonyl>-O-benzylhydroxylamine (8), and diethyl azodicarboxylate and triphenylphosphine followed by deprotection produced the protected N5-acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine derivatives 11 and 12 in large quantities (10-20 g).Following α-amino and α-carboxyl deprotections of 11 and 12, EEDQ mediated peptide coupling and final deprotection provided amino acid 1 and six albomycin-like peptides (20, 23, 25, 28, 35, and 36).The growth-promoting ability of each was evaluated with the siderophore biosynthesis mutant Shigella flexneri SA240 (SA 100 iucD:Tn5).These results indicate that substantial modification of the framework of peptide-based siderophores can be tolerated by microbial iron-transport systems.
