4471-47-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Mechanistic investigation of the oxidative cleavage of the carbon-carbon double bond in α,β-Unsaturated compounds by hexachloroiridate(iv) in acetate buffer
Pal, Biswajit
, p. 31 - 40 (2014/01/06)
The hexachloroiridate(IV) oxidation of α,β-unsaturated compounds such as acrylic acid, acrylamide, and acrylonitrile (CH2=CHX; X = -COOH, -CONH2, and -CN) was carried out in NaOAc-AcOH buffer medium. The reaction follows complex kinetics, being first order in [IrIV] and complex order in [CH2=CHX]. H+ ion has no effect on the reaction rate in the pH range 3.42-4.63. The pseudo-first-order rate constant decreases with a decrease in the dielectric constant and with a decrease of ionic strength of the medium. The oxidation rate follows the sequence: acrylonitrile > acrylamide > acrylic acid. A mechanism is proposed involving the formation of an unstable intermediate complex between the substrate and the oxidant which is transformed to the radical cation in a slow rate-determining step with the concomitant reduction of Ir(IV) to Ir(III). The radical cation subsequently decomposes to the aldehyde that appears as the ultimate product of the carbon-carbon double bond cleavage. The major product of oxidation was identified as HCHO by 1H NMR. Activation parameters for the slow rate-determining step and thermodynamic parameters associated with the equilibrium step of the proposed mechanism have been evaluated. The enthalpy of activation is linearly related to the entropy of activation, and this linear relationship confirms that the oxidation of all the α,β-unsaturated compounds follows a common mechanism.
Oxidation of some α,β-unsaturated compounds by bromate ion in hydrochloric acid medium
Debnath, Nandadulal,Pal, Biswajit,Gupta, Kalyan Kali Sen
, p. 351 - 355 (2007/10/03)
The oxidation kinetics of some α,β-unsaturated compounds, CH2=CHX (X = COOH, CONH2, CN) by potassium bromate in hydrochloric acid medium have been studied. The activation parameters of the reactions have been evaluated. The reactivity of the α,β-unsaturated compounds is as follows: COOH 2 CN. A mechanism involving the formation of an unstable bromate ester which decomposes to the reaction products has been suggested.
Mechanism and Rate of the Reaction of Cyanomethyl Radicals with Oxygen Atoms in the Gas Phase
Hoyermann, K.,Seeba, J.
, p. 215 - 226 (2007/10/02)
The reaction of acetonitrile with fluorine atoms, and the reaction of cyanomethyl radicals with oxygen atoms in the gas phase have been studied in isothermal flow reactors and a nozzle reactor at low pressures (0.5-10 mbar, CH2CN + HF (1) was measured directly at 300 K: k1 (300 K) = (7.5 +/- 0.4)E12 cm3/mol*s.For the radical + atom reaction the mechanism was established as CH2CN + O --> OCH2CN (2a); --> CHOCN + H (2b); --> CH2O + CN (2c).The rate coefficient of the reaction (2) was determined relative to the reference reaction CH3 + O --> products (00) (k00 = 8.43E13 cm3/mol*s), leading to: k2 (300 K) = (5.1 +/- 0.8)E13 cm3/mol*s.The temperature dependence (253 2 = 5.1E13*(T/300 K)0.64 cm3/mol*s. - Keywords: Chemical kinetics / Elementary reactions / Mass spectrometry
Formyl cyanide: A stable species. Experimental and theoretical studies
Lewis-Bevan, Wyn,Gaston, Rick D.,Tyrrell, James,Stork, Wilmer D.,Salmon, Gary L.
, p. 1933 - 1935 (2007/10/02)
Formyl cyanide has been generated by the retro-ene cleavage of cinnamyloxyacetonitrile using flash vacuum pyrolysis. Isolation of pure formyl cyanide in the gas phase has shown that the compound is much more stable than originally reported, with a measured half-life of 45.5 h under our experimental conditions. Formyl cyanide readily reacts with water to form hydrogen cyanide and formic acid. The observed vibrational frequencies are compared with the results of high-level ab initio calculations. Ab initio calculations are also reported for the transition state and the intrinsic reaction pathway of formyl cyanide into the products HCN and CO. The calculations are in agreement with the experimental observation that formyl cyanide does not undergo a unimolecular decomposition to HCN and CO as originally suggested.
