45127-97-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Cytosol-specific fluorogenic reactions for visualizing intracellular disintegration of responsive polymeric nanocarriers and triggered drug release
Jiang, Yanyan,Liu, Guhuan,Wang, Xiaorui,Hu, Jinming,Zhang, Guoying,Liu, Shiyong
, p. 764 - 774 (2015)
Supramolecular aggregates of stimuli-responsive block copolymers are increasingly utilized as drug nanocarriers. Although in situ tracking their triggered disintegration and drug release processes at the cellular level is highly desirable, it remains a considerable challenge. We report the fabrication of double hydrophilic block copolymers covalently conjugated with ?±,?2-unsaturated ketone-caged coumarin functionalities in the thermoresponsive block. Upon thermo-induced micellization and cellular uptake, Michael addition reaction of unsaturated ketone moieties with thiol compounds (GSH and Cys) in the reductive subcellular compartments leads to micelle-to-unimer transition. This is accompanied by concomitant fluorescence emission turn-on and triggered drug release, allowing for the process visualization.
Method for synthesizing diethylene glycol ethyl ether acrylate
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Paragraph 0015; 0020-0053, (2019/01/22)
The invention relates to a method for synthesizing diethylene glycol ethyl ether acrylate. The method takes methacrylic acid and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether as raw materials; diethylene glycol ethyl ether acrylate is subjected to synthesis by direct esterification under existence of a catalyst, a water-carrying agent, and a polymerization inhibitor. The method adopts a S2O8/ZrO2-SiO2 solid acid catalyst, phenothiazine is used as the polymerization inhibitor, the conversion rate of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether is 99.58%, and the yield of diethylene glycol ethyl ether acrylate is93.81%. The method has the advantages that the method adopts the S2O8/ZrO2-SiO2 solid acid catalyst for a catalysis reaction, the catalyst has high catalytic activity and is easy to be separated from the product and can be reused, the problems that the traditional esterification reaction is demanding on the equipment, the product separation is difficult, and the pollution problem is serious can be avoided. The method has great significance to promote industrial energy conservation, environmental protection and sustainable development.
Unique associative properties of copolymers of sodium acrylate and oligo(ethylene oxide) alkyl ether methacrylates in water
Tomatsu, Itsuro,Hashidzume, Akihito,Yusa, Shin-Ichi,Morishima, Yotaro
, p. 7837 - 7844 (2008/02/01)
A series of random copolymers of sodium acrylate and oligo(ethylene oxide) alkyl ether methacrylates (CnEmMA) with different lengths of ethylene oxide (EO) and alkyl groups were prepared by free-radical copolymerization at varying copolymer compositions. The lengths of the EO units (the number of EO units) (m) and the numbers of carbon atoms in the alkyl groups (n) ranged fro'm 0 to 8.7 and 1 to 6, respectively. The copolymers with n = 1 and m = 1-8.7 exhibited a marked increase in solution viscosity at polymer concentrations (Cp) higher than their overlap concentrations (C*) when the CnEmMA contents (x) in the copolymers were in a certain limited range. Namely, there was an optimum x value that yielded the highest viscosity as a consequence of the competition between inter- and intrapolymer associations; the maximum viscosities occurred around x ≈ 25, 15, 10, 7, and 3 mol % for m = 1, 2, 3, 4.2, and 8.7, respectively. The maximum viscosity decreased significantly as n was increased on going from 1 to 6, and for the copolymers with n = 6, no increase in the viscosity occurred, a trend opposite to what is expected to interpolymer hydrophobic associations. When Cp > C*, steady-shear viscosity depended on the nature of countercations; the viscosities were found to be higher in the order Li + > Na+ ? NH4+, whereas reduced viscosity in dilute regime (Cp C*) was independent of the species of the cations. Rheological properties were found to be typical of transient networks formed through very weak interpolymer associations. Thus, the large increase in solution viscosity was explained by simultaneous interactions of countercations with EO units via coordination and with the polyanion via counterion condensation.
Formation of macrocyclic ethers by free radical cyclization: Effects of chain length, substituents, and solvents
Philippen, Annie,Degueil-Castaing, Marie,Beckwith, Athelstan L. J.,Maillard, Bernard
, p. 6814 - 6819 (2007/10/03)
Free radical reduction by tributylstannane of w-iodopolyoxaalkyl acrylates derived from tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and heptaethylene glycols gives mixtures of uncyclized reduction products and macrocyclic ethers formed by endo cyclization. The rate constants for cyclization of the intermediate radicals at 80 °C in benzene were determined under carefully defined conditions to be 15 × 104,13 ×104,5.1 × 104,10 × 104 and 3.6 × 104 s-1, for formation of the 12-, 15-, 18-, 21- and 24-membered rings, respectively. These values indicate that the presence of oxygen atoms in the chains increases the rate by a factor of 10-30 by comparison with the previously reported cyclization of alkenyl species. The rate constants at 80 °C in benzene and the endo/exo ratio for reductive cyclizations of the methacrylate, crotonate, cinnamate, maleate, and fumarate esters of 8-iodo-3,6-dioxaoctanol have been determined. The reduction of the 8-iodo-3,6-dioxaoctyl acrylate in solvents of varying polarity indicated that the cyclization rate has a relatively low solvent dependence.
