479682-81-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of five- and six-membered dihalogenated heterocyclic compounds by electrophile-triggered cyclization
Ji, Ke-Gong,Zhu, Hai-Tao,Yang, Fang,Shaukat, Ali,Xia, Xiao-Feng,Yang, Yan-Fang,Liu, Xue-Yuan,Liang, Yong-Min
supporting information; experimental part, p. 5670 - 5678 (2010/11/05)
Highly substituted dihalogenated dihydrofurans, dihydropyrroles, and dihydro-2H-pyrans bearing alkyl, vinyl, aryl, and heteroaryl moieties can be prepared in good to excellent yields (up to 99%) by allowing 1,4-butyne-diol, 4-aminobut-2-yn-1-ol, and pent-2-yne-1,5-diol derivatives to react with different electrophiles (I2, IBr, and ICl) at room temperature. Both halogen atoms generated from electrophiles were used effectively. The resulting halides can be further exploited by using palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. The presence of trace amount of water is essential for this electrophilic cyclization.
Conversion of (Z)-1,4-dihydroxyalk-2-enes into 2,5-dihydrofurans and of alkane-1,4-diols into tetrahydrofurans via acid-catalysed cyclisation of the monoisoureas formed by their copper(I)-mediated reactions with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
Duffy, Michael G.,Grayson, David H.
, p. 1555 - 1563 (2007/10/03)
(Z)-1,4-dihydroxyalk-2-enes were converted into 2,5-dihydrofurans and alkane-1,4-diols were converted into tetrahydrofurans via acid-catalysed cyclisation of the monoisoureas. The reaction involved protonation of the carbodiimide by acidic phenol followed by reaction with alkanol. Pd/CaCo3-quinoline catalyst system was employed in the presence of a little triethylamine to overcome partial hydrogenolysis.
