51304-69-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
A Peierls Transition in Long Polymethine Molecular Wires: Evolution of Molecular Geometry and Single-Molecule Conductance
Xu, Wenjun,Leary, Edmund,Sangtarash, Sara,Jirasek, Michael,González, M. Teresa,Christensen, Kirsten E.,Abellán Vicente, Lydia,Agra?t, Nicolás,Higgins, Simon J.,Nichols, Richard J.,Lambert, Colin J.,Anderson, Harry L.
supporting information, p. 20472 - 20481 (2021/12/09)
Molecules capable of mediating charge transport over several nanometers with minimal decay in conductance have fundamental and technological implications. Polymethine cyanine dyes are fascinating molecular wires because up to a critical length, they have no bond-length alternation (BLA) and their electronic structure resembles a one-dimensional free-electron gas. Beyond this threshold, they undergo a symmetry-breaking Peierls transition, which increases the HOMO-LUMO gap. We have investigated cationic cyanines with central polymethine chains of 5-13 carbon atoms (Cy3+-Cy11+). The absorption spectra and crystal structures show that symmetry breaking is sensitive to the polarity of the medium and the size of the counterion. X-ray crystallography reveals that Cy9·PF6 and Cy11·B(C6F5)4 are Peierls distorted, with high BLA at one end of the π-system, away from the partially delocalized positive charge. This pattern of BLA distribution resembles that of solitons in polyacetylene. The single-molecule conductance is essentially independent of molecular length for the polymethine salts of Cy3+-Cy11+ with the large B(C6F5)4- counterion, but with the PF6- counterion, the conductance decreases for the longer molecules, Cy7+-Cy11+, because this smaller anion polarizes the π-system, inducing a symmetry-breaking transition. At higher bias (0.9 V), the conductance of the shorter chains, Cy3+-Cy7+, increases with length (negative attenuation factor, β = -1.6 nm-1), but the conductance still drops in Cy9+ and Cy11+ with the small polarizing PF6- counteranion.
Cross-Coupling between Hydrazine and Aryl Halides with Hydroxide Base at Low Loadings of Palladium by Rate-Determining Deprotonation of Bound Hydrazine
Borate, Kailaskumar,Choi, Kyoungmin,Goetz, Roland,Hartwig, John F.,Shinde, Harish,Wang, Justin Y.,Zuend, Stephan J.
supporting information, p. 399 - 408 (2020/10/29)
Reported here is the Pd-catalyzed C–N coupling of hydrazine with (hetero)aryl chlorides and bromides to form aryl hydrazines with catalyst loadings as low as 100 ppm of Pd and KOH as base. Mechanistic studies revealed two catalyst resting states: an arylpalladium(II) hydroxide and arylpalladium(II) chloride. These compounds are present in two interconnected catalytic cycles and react with hydrazine and base or hydrazine alone to give the product. The selectivity of the hydroxide complex with hydrazine to form aryl over diaryl hydrazine was lower than that of the chloride complex, as well as the catalytic reaction. In contrast, the selectivity of the chloride complex closely matched that of the catalytic reaction, indicating that the aryl hydrazine is derived from this complex. Kinetic studies showed that the coupling process occurs by rate-limiting deprotonation of a hydrazine-bound arylpalladium(II) chloride complex to give an arylpalladium(II) hydrazido complex.
Novel chromogenic substances and use thereof for the determination of carboxypeptidase activities
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Page/Page column 31;34, (2008/06/13)
The invention relates to chromogenic compounds and the use thereof for the determination of enzymes of the family of carboxypeptidases N and carboxypeptidases U. The above is more specifically a compound of formula (I) in which A=(1), (2), (3), (4) or (5). R1. R2=H. —CH3, —CH(CH3)2, —OCH3, —Cl.—CF3,—OCF3,—SCH3, R3=an amino acid group which may be hydrolysed by a carboxypeptidase A and R4=a basic amino acid group.
Structure-activity relationships of antimalarial indoloquinolines
Werbel, L. M.,Kesten, S. J.,Turner, W. R.
, p. 837 - 852 (2007/10/02)
Structure-activity relationships have been ascertained and chemical metodology developed for a series of antimalarial 3-chloroindoloquinoline-5-oxides.The basic side chain as well as the ring N-oxide are critical for antimalarial activity as is a bromine or chlorine in position 3.Substitution at positions 7,8,9,10 in not essential, although the most potent analog in our studies was the 8-nitro compound 4vv. indoloquinolines / antimalarial agents
Carbazole methyl malonates
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, (2008/06/13)
A process for the preparation of α-methyl-carbazole-2-acetic acids, which comprises reacting an α-methyl-3-oxocyclohexane malonic acid di-lower alkyl ester with a substituted phenylhydrazine, and thereafter sequentially oxidizing and hydrolyzing the reaction product to obtain the desired acid, is described.
