521294-03-1Relevant articles and documents
ZWITTERIONIC CATALYSTS FOR (TRANS)ESTERIFICATION: APPLICATION IN FLUOROINDOLE-DERIVATIVES AND BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS
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Paragraph 0015; 0028, (2021/01/29)
An amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst has a catalyst pocket size that promotes transesterification and dehydrative esterification. The amide/iminium zwitterions are easily prepared by reacting aziridines with aminopyridines. The reaction can be applied a wide variety of esterification processes including the large-scale synthesis of biodiesel. The amide/iminium zwitterions allow the avoidance of strongly basic or acidic condition and avoidance of metal contamination in the products. Reactions are carried out at ambient or only modestly elevated temperatures. The amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst is easily recycled and reactions proceed in high to quantitative yields.
Four acid-catalysed dehydration reactions proceed without interference
Lirag, Rio Carlo,Miljani?, Ognjen ?.
supporting information, p. 9401 - 9404 (2014/08/05)
Four acid-catalysed dehydration reactions can proceed in one pot, simultaneously and without interference, to yield one imine, one acetal (or boronic ester), one ester and one alkene, even though many other cross-products could be conceived. This advanced
Efficient and controllably selective preparation of esters using uronium-based coupling agents
Twibanire, Jean-D'Amour K.,Grindley, T. Bruce
supporting information; experimental part, p. 2988 - 2991 (2011/08/04)
Carboxylic acid esters can be prepared in excellent yields at room temperature from an acid and either a phenol or an aliphatic alcohol using the peptide coupling reagents, TBTU, TATU, or COMU, in the presence of organic bases. Reactions using TBTU and TATU are faster but do not occur with tertiary alcohols. Selectivity between reaction with primary or secondary alcohols in diols and polyols can be achieved with choice of base and coupling agent.