126-30-7Relevant articles and documents
Alkylating potential of oxetanes
Gomez-Bombarelli, Rafael,Palma, Bernardo Brito,Martins, Celia,Kranendonk, Michel,Rodrigues, Antonio S.,Calle, Emilio,Rueff, Jose,Casado, Julio
, p. 1275 - 1281 (2010)
Small, highly strained heterocycles are archetypical alkylating agents (oxiranes, β-lactones, aziridinium, and thiirinium ions). Oxetanes, which are tetragonal ethers, are higher homologues of oxiranes and reduced counterparts of β-lactones, and would therefore be expected to be active alkylating agents. Oxetanes are widely used in the manufacture of polymers, especially in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and are present, as a substructure, in compounds such as the widely used antimitotic taxol. Whereas the results of animal tests suggest that trimethylene oxide (TMO), the parent compound, and β,β-dimethyloxetane (DMOX) are active carcinogens at the site of injection, no studies have explored the alkylating ability and genotoxicity of oxetanes. This work addresses the issue using a mixed methodology: a kinetic study of the alkylation reaction of 4-(p-nitrobenzyl) pyridine (NBP), a trap for alkylating agents with nucleophilicity similar to that of DNA bases, by three oxetanes (TMO, DMOX, and methyloxetanemethanol), and a mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and cell viability study (Salmonella microsome test, BTC E. coli test, alkaline comet assay, and MTT assay). The results suggest either that oxetanes lack genotoxic capacity or that their mode of action is very different from that of epoxides and β-lactones.
A strategy for generating alkyl radicals from aliphatic esters and lactones via sequential hydrolysis and photoinduced decarboxylation
Saito, Hikaru,Kanetake, Takayuki,Osaka, Kazuyuki,Maeda, Kousuke,Morita, Toshio,Yoshimi, Yasuharu
, p. 1645 - 1648 (2015)
Sequential hydrolysis and photoinduced decarboxylation of methyl aliphatic esters lead to efficient generation of alkyl radicals under mild conditions. The generated alkyl radicals react with a variety of reagents to produce addition, reduction, and substitution products. In addition, the new tin and halogen free process for alkyl radical generation is applicable to a variety of aliphatic esters including those of dipeptides, steroids, saccharides, and lactones.
Identification and Counting of Carbonyl and Hydroxyl Functionalities in Protonated Bifunctional Analytes by Using Solution Derivatization Prior to Mass Spectrometric Analysis Via Ion-Molecule Reactions
Somuramasami, Jayalakshmi,Winger, Brian E.,Gillespie, Todd A.,Kenttaemaa, Hilkka I.
, p. 773 - 784 (2010)
A mass spectrometric method has been developed for the identification of carbonyl and hydroxyl functional groups, as well as for counting the functional groups, in previously unknown protonated bifunctional oxygen-containing analytes. This method utilizes solution reduction before mass spectrometric analysis to convert the carbonyl groups to hydroxyl groups. Gas-phase ion-molecule reactions of the protonated reduced analytes with neutral trimethylborate (TMB) in a FT-ICR mass spectrometer give diagnostic product ions. The reaction sequence likely involves three consecutive steps, proton abstraction from the protonated analyte by TMB, addition of the neutral analyte to the boron reagent, and elimination of a neutral methanol molecule. The number of methanol molecules eliminated upon reactions with TMB reveals the number of hydroxyl groups in the analyte. Comparison of the reactions of the original and reduced analytes reveals the presence and number of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups in the analyte.
An Efficient Deprotection of 2,6-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylboronic Esters via Catalytic Protodeboronation Using Tetrabutyl ammonium Fluoride
Makino, Kazuishi,Nojima, Shinya,Shimada, Naoyuki,Urata, Sari
, p. 2300 - 2304 (2019)
We herein describe an efficient deprotection of 2,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylboronic esters, which serve as effective protective groups for 1,2- or 1,3-diols in various organic transformations, via protodeboronation by using a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF).
Method for producing a shaped catalyst body
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Page/Page column 29-32, (2021/11/19)
Provided herein is a novel process for producing shaped catalyst bodies in which a mixture having aluminum contents of Al±0 in the range from 80 to 99.8% by weight, based on the mixture used, is used to form a specific intermetallic phase, shaped catalyst bodies obtainable by the process of the invention, a process for producing an active catalyst fixed bed including the shaped catalyst bodies provided herein, the active catalyst fixed beds and also the use of these active catalyst fixed beds for the hydrogenation of organic hydrogenatable compounds or for formate degradation.
Preparation method of hydroxypivalaldehyde and application of hydroxypivalaldehyde in preparation of neopentyl glycol
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Paragraph 0039; 0042-0044; 0047-0049; 0052-0053, (2021/02/09)
The invention provides a preparation method of 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropanal and application thereof in preparation of neopentyl glycol. The 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropanal is prepared from an epoxy compound by a hydroformylation method. The method has the advantages of good atom economy, low raw material cost, no wastewater generation, and high yield. The invention also provides the application of the 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropanal in preparation of the neopentyl glycol. The application method circumvents the disadvantages of the conventional methods in the prior art, the reaction system is simple, and the industrial application prospect is excellent.
Protodeboronation of (Hetero)Arylboronic Esters: Direct versus Prehydrolytic Pathways and Self-/Auto-Catalysis
Hayes, Hannah L. D.,Wei, Ran,Assante, Michele,Geogheghan, Katherine J.,Jin, Na,Tomasi, Simone,Noonan, Gary,Leach, Andrew G.,Lloyd-Jones, Guy C.
supporting information, p. 14814 - 14826 (2021/09/13)
The kinetics and mechanism of the base-catalyzed hydrolysis (ArB(OR)2→ ArB(OH)2) and protodeboronation (ArB(OR)2→ ArH) of a series of boronic esters, encompassing eight different polyols and 10 polyfluoroaryl and heteroaryl moieties, have been investigated by in situ and stopped-flow NMR spectroscopy (19F,1H, and11B), pH-rate dependence, isotope entrainment,2H KIEs, and KS-DFT computations. The study reveals the phenomenological stability of boronic esters under basic aqueous-organic conditions to be highly nuanced. In contrast to common assumption, esterification does not necessarily impart greater stability compared to the corresponding boronic acid. Moreover, hydrolysis of the ester to the boronic acid can be a dominant component of the overall protodeboronation process, augmented by self-, auto-, and oxidative (phenolic) catalysis when the pH is close to the pKaof the boronic acid/ester.
Photo-Induced ortho-C-H Borylation of Arenes through in Situ Generation of Rhodium(II) Ate Complexes
Araujo Dias, Ant?nio Junio,Nagashima, Yuki,Tanaka, Jin,Tanaka, Ken
supporting information, p. 11325 - 11331 (2021/08/03)
Photoinduced in situ "oxidation"of half-sandwich metal complexes to "high-valent"cationic metal complexes has been used to accelerate catalytic reactions. Here, we report the unprecedented photoinduced in situ "reduction"of half-sandwich metal [Rh(III)] complexes to "low-valent"anionic metal [Rh(II)] ate complexes, which facilitate ligand exchange with electron-deficient elements (diboron). This strategy was realized by using a functionalized cyclopentadienyl (CpA3) Rh(III) catalyst we developed, which enabled the basic group-directed room temperature ortho-C-H borylation of arenes.
Method For The Combined Production of Polyols In The Presence Of An Inorganic Base
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Paragraph 0054; 0055, (2019/08/20)
The present invention relates to a process for simultaneously consecutive preparation of polyols by base-catalysed reaction of at least two different mid-chain aldehydes with formaldehyde. The simultaneous consecutive mode of operation makes it possible to achieve high conversions and high selectivities for both aldehydes, with additional achievement of a distinct reduction in the amount of unreacted formaldehyde remaining. This leads to improved process economics, since the energy costs for workup of the formaldehyde stream are distinctly reduced.
A phenol valeric acid neopentyl glycol monoester and neopentyl glycol production preparation method
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Paragraph 0039; 0040; 0041; 0042; 0043; 0044, (2019/03/23)
The invention discloses a phenol valeric acid neopentyl glycol monoester and neopentyl glycol production of the preparation method, the isobutyl aldehyde and formaldehyde solution under the action of the alkaline catalyst, generating the aldol reaction, disproportionation reaction and [...] (Tischenkoreaction) reaction to produce the phenol valeric acid neopentyl glycol monoester and neopentyl glycol-based mixture, then and in (soluble alkali as catalyst) or filter (to solid alkali as catalyst) to remove the catalyst, rectifying and separating, to respectively obtain the NPG and phenol valeric acid neopentyl glycol monoester. The invention phenol valeric acid neopentyl glycol monoester and neopentyl glycol production preparation method, adopt one-pot condensation process at the same time to obtain high purity phenol valeric acid neopentyl glycol monoester and neopentyl glycol, simple technology, equipment investment, separating is simple, is easy to be popularized.
