53433-43-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Kinetics and mechanisms of homogeneous catalytic reactions. Part 7. Hydroformylation of 1-hexene catalyzed by cationic complexes of rhodium and iridium containing PPh3
Rosales, Merlin,Durán, Jesús A.,González, ángel,Pacheco, Inés,Sánchez-Delgado, Roberto A.
, p. 250 - 256 (2007)
Cationic rhodium and iridium complexes of the type [M(COD)(PPh3)2]PF6 (M = Rh, 1a; Ir, 1b) are efficient precatalysts for the hydroformylation of 1-hexene to its corresponding aldehydes (heptanal and 2-methylhexanal), under mild pressures (2-5 bar) and temperatures (60 °C for Rh and 100 °C for Ir) in toluene solution; the linear to branched ratio (l/b) of the aldehydes in the hydroformylation reaction varies slightly (between 3.0 and 3.7 for Rh and close to 2 for Ir). Kinetic and mechanistic studies have been carried out using these cationic complexes as catalyst precursors. For both complexes, the reaction proceeds according to the rate law ri = K1K2K3k4[M][olef][H2][CO]/([CO]2 + K1[H2][CO] + K1K2K3[olef][H2]). Both complexes react rapidly with CO to produce the corresponding tricarbonyl species [M(CO)3(PPh3)2]PF6, M = Rh, 2a; Ir, 2b, and with syn-gas to yield [MH2(CO)2(PPh3)2]PF6, M = Rh, 3a; Ir, 3b, which originate by CO dissociation the species [MH2(CO)(PPh3)2]PF6 entering the corresponding catalytic cycle. All the experimental data are consistent with a general mechanism in which the transfer of the hydride to a coordinated olefin promoted by an entering CO molecule is the rate-determining step of the catalytic cycle.
