5393-19-1Relevant articles and documents
Temperature-resistant salt-tolerant anti-swelling clay stabilizer and synthesis method thereof
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Paragraph 0026; 0030; 0031; 0037; 0041; 0042; 0048; 0052, (2019/08/28)
The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield development, and specifically relates to a temperature-resistant and salt-resistant type anti-swelling clay stabilizer and a synthetic method thereof. The temperature-resistant and salt-resistant type anti-swelling clay stabilizer is prepared through the following steps of enabling phthalic anhydride to react with n-octyl alcohol, thus generating n-octyl phthalic anhydride hemi-ester; carrying out a solution polymerization reaction on the n-octyl phthalic anhydride hemi-ester and 2-(dimethylamino) chloromethane hydrochloride, thus generating an intermediate; finally enabling the intermediate to react with benzyl bromide, thus generating the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant type anti-swelling clay stabilizer, wherein a molar ratio of the phthalic anhydride, the n-octyl alcohol, the 2-(dimethylamino) chloromethane hydrochloride and the benzyl bromide is 1 to 1.1 to 1.3 to 1.6. The temperature-resistant and salt-resistant type anti-swelling clay stabilizer disclosed by the invention has the characteristics that the sources of raw materials are wide, a synthetic technology is simple, the dosage is less, and the oil reservoir adaptability is strong; the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant type anti-swelling clay stabilizer is good in temperature resistance and salt resistance, the temperature resistance can reach 250 DEG C, the mineralization resistance degree can reach 200,000 mg/L, and good compatibility is obtained; the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant type anti-swelling clay stabilizer can be forcefully adsorbed to the surface of clay and is not easy to decompose, long in validity period and high in anti-swelling rate, and the anti-swelling rate can reach 98 percent or more.
Ecotoxicity and biodegradation of phthalate monoesters
Scholz, Norbert
, p. 921 - 926 (2007/10/03)
Little is known about the fate and the effects of phthalic acid monoesters. Various of these monoesters ranging from n-butyl to isononyl monoester have been evaluated in respect to their biodegradation behaviour and their acute aquatic toxicity. All esters are readily biodegradable, achieving degradation rates of 90% and more. The acute toxicity values strongly depend on the carbon chain length of the alcohol moiety. The short chain specimen have LC/EC 50 around and above 100 mg/l, with values levelling off to around 30 mg/l for the isononyl monoester.
Adjuvant and immuno-suppressive effect of six monophthalates in a subcutaneous injection model with BALB/c mice
Larsen, Soren Thor,Hansen, Jitka Stilund,Thygesen, Peter,Begtrup, Mikael,Poulsen, Otto Melchior,Nielsen, Gunnar Damgard
, p. 37 - 51 (2007/10/03)
The prevalence of allergic airway diseases is rapidly increasing in Western Europe and North America. This increase in disease prevalence may be associated with environmental pollutants. The present study investigated the adjuvant and immuno-suppressive effect of a series of monophthalates which are considered to be important metabolites of commonly used phthalate plasticizers. The effects were studied in a screening model. Ovalbumin (OA), used as the model antigen, was injected subcutaneously in the neck region of BALB/cJ mice with or without one of the test substances, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBnP), mono-n-octyl phthalate (MnOP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-iso-nonyl phthalate (MiNP) or mono-iso-decyl phthalate (MiDP). The levels of OA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a in sera were measured by ELISA. Immuno-suppressive effect, defined as a statistically significant reduction in IgE or IgG1 antibody production, was observed with MEHP (1000 μg/ml, IgE and IgG1), MnOP (1000 μg/ml, IgE and IgG1), MiNP (1000 μg/ml, IgE and 10 μg/ml, IgG1) and MiDP (100 μg/ml, IgE and IgG1). Adjuvant effect, defined as a statistically significant increase in IgE or IgG1 antibody level, occurred with MEHP (10 μg/ml, IgE), MnOP (100 μg/ml, and 10 μg/ml, IgG1) and MiNP (100 μg/ml, IgE). No statistically significant immune modulating effect was seen with MBnP and MnBP.
Monitoring of phthalic acid monoesters in river water by solid-phase extraction and GC-MS determination
Suzuki,Yaguchi,Suzuki,Suga
, p. 3757 - 3763 (2007/10/03)
An analytical method for monitoring 10 phthalic acid monoesters in river water was investigated by solid-phase extraction, methylation with diazomethane, and GC-MS. Two cartridge-type solid phases packed with octadesyl-coated silica (C18) and styrenedivinyl polymer (PS-2) and one disk-type solid phase made from octadesyl-coated styrene-divinylbenzene polymer (SDB-XD) were investigated in solid-phase extraction. PS-2 gave the highest recoveries of the three solid phases, and recoveries of more than 80% of the monoesters in filtered water samples were obtained at pH 2 to 3 with PS-2 at the spiked level of 0.1 μg L-1, except for monomethyl-phthalate (MMP), in which more than 72% of the monoesters were recovered. For the monoesters in the suspended solids (SS), an acidic methanol extract of SS was added to purified water acidified to pH 2, and the monoesters were extracted with PS-2. The recoveries of the monoesters in SS were more than 80%, but the recoveries of MMP were more than 57%. The method detection limit (MDL) of each phthalic acid monoester in 500 mL of water sample and in 2 mg of dry weight of SS ranged from 0.010 to 0.030 μg L-1 and from 1 to 11 μg g-1 respectively. Monitoring of phthalic acid monoesters in the Tama River in Tokyo was conducted every month from March 1999 to February 2000 using the present method. MMP, mono-n-butyl-phthalate (MBP), and mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (MEHP) were detected at concentrations of 0.030-0.0340, 0.010-0.480, and 0.010-1.30 μg L-1. respectively, in the filtered water samples but were not detected in SS. Dimethyl-phthalate (DMP), di-n-butyl-phthalate (DBP), and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) were detected in the river water at concentrations of 0.010-0.092, 0.008-0.540, and 0.013-3.60 μg L-1, respectively. Diethyl-, di-iso-butyl-, and benzylbutyl-phthalates were also detected at concentrations of nanograms per liter, whereas the corresponding monoesters did not appear. The concentrations of MBP and MEHP in the river water were slightly lower than those of the corresponding diesters at the majority of sampling sites and sampling times.
Montmorillonite clay catalysis. Part 10. K-10 and KSF-catalysed acylation of alcohols, phenols, thiols and amines: Scope and limitation
Li, Tong-Shuang,Li, Ai-Xiao
, p. 1913 - 1917 (2007/10/03)
Montmorillonite K-10 and KSF are highly efficient catalysts for the acetylation of a variety of alcohols, thiols, phenols and amines with acetic anhydride. Amino groups can be selectively acetylated in the presence of hydroxy groups, while the hydroxy groups can be preferentially acetylated in the presence of thiol groups. No selectivity is observed between primary and secondary hydroxy groups in the presence of K-10 and KSF. The catalysts are found not to be efficient for acetylation of tertiary alcohols. This method is simple and convenient with minimum environmental impact. The catalysts are also effective for the acylation of alcohols, thiols, phenols and amines with acetyl chloride and benzoyl chloride. Cyclic anhydrides such as succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride and p-toluene sulfonyl chloride show less reactivity than acetic anhydride and acyl chlorides.
Involvement of a novel mouse hepatic microsomal esterase, ES46.5K, in the hydrolysis of phthalate esters
Kayano, Yuichiro,Watanabe, Kazuhito,Matsunaga, Tamihide,Yamamoto, Ikuo,Yoshimura, Hidetoshi
, p. 749 - 751 (2007/10/03)
ES46.5K, a novel esterase from mouse hepatic microsomes (Watanabe K., et al., Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int., 31, 25-30 (1993)), catalyzed hydrolysis of phthalate esters. ES46.5K and mouse hepatic microsomes hydrolyzed diethyl-, dibutyl-, diisobutyl-, dioctyl- and diethylhexyl phthalates, whereas dicyclohexyl- and dipbenyl phthalates having ring structure were not hydrolyzed by the enzymes. V(max) (μmol/min/mg protein)/K(m) (μM) ratios of ES46.5K for diethyl-, dibutyl-, diisobutyl-, dioctyl- and diethylhexyl phthalates were 291, 2786, 565, 51 and 57, respectively, while those of microsomes were 0.58, 0.83, 1.71, 0.05 and 1.10, respectively. The hydrolytic activity of ES46.5K was inhibited by diisopropylfluorophosphate and bis-p- nitrophenylphosphate. These results suggest that ES46.5K has high catalytic activity for phthalate esters and some role in the metabolism of phthalate esters in mice.
NOUVEAUX DECONTAMINANTS. ACTION DES PERACIDES A GROUPE ESTER SUR QUELQUES TOXIQUES INSECTICIDES OU DE GUERRE
Lion, C.,Hedayatullah, M.,Bauer, P.,Boukou-Poba, J. P.,Charvy, C.,et al.
, p. 555 - 560 (2007/10/02)
A new peroxyacid-ester series has been obtained and used in the destruction of toxic agents.These structures oROCOC6H4CO3H and ROCO(CH2)nCO3H are more stable than the unsubstituted compounds.The reaction with paraoxon (O,O-diethyl O-paranitrophenylphosphate) and HD (2,2'-dichlorodiethylsulfide) goes to completion in a very short time.The influence of the R group and the length of the chain (n=2......12) has been studied.The addition of some long chain tetraalkyl-ammonium salts enhances the rate of the reaction by micellar catalysis.
Process for producing benzene carboxylic acid ester
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, (2008/06/13)
Benzenecarboxylic acid ester is produced at a higher reaction rate in a better yield in a shorter time by reacting benzenecarboxylic acid having 8 to 10 carbon atoms or its anhydride with aliphatic alcohol having 7 to 11 carbon atoms in the presence of amorphous aluminum compound as a catalyst and an alkali metal compound as a promoter.
