5424-26-0Relevant articles and documents
Clathrate Hydrates in the System Tetraisopentylammonium Iodide-Water
Aladko,Dyadin,Mikina
, p. 327 - 330 (2003)
Two clathrate hydrates i-Pent4NI·36H2O and i-Pent4NI·32H2O were revealed in the system (i-Pent)4NI-H2O. The hydrates melt incongruently at 14.2 and 14.8°C, respectively. Along with the polyhydrates, tetraisopentylammonium dihydrate was found.
On Coulombic and Solvophobic Liquid-Liquid Phase-Separation in Electrolyte Solutions
Weingaertner, Hermann,Merkel, Thomas,Maurer, Ulrich,Conzen, Joerg-Peter,Glasbrenner, Heike,Kaeshammer, Stefan
, p. 1579 - 1586 (2007/10/02)
We have performed a systematic study of liquid-liquid phase equilibria in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium salts up to about 500 K, covering a large number of hydrogen-bonding, dipolar aprotic and non-polar solvents.There appear to be two different types of liquid-liquid phase equilibria resulting from long-range Coulombic and from short-range specific forces, respectively.These may be denoted as Coulombic and solvophobic unmixing.Coulombic unmixing is observed in solutions of 1:1-electrolytes in solvents of low dielectric constant, as is exemplified for solutions in hydrocarbons and long-chain alcohols.It appears to be closely related to a general instability of ionic fluids at low reduced temperatures.Increase of the dielectric constant results in complete miscibility, as is demonstrated for salts dissolved in short-chain alcohols and some common dipolar aprotic solvents.Solvophobic unmixing occurs if salts with large cations and anions are dissolved in water.A phenomenological analysis shows that this phase separation results from those thermodynamic pecularities which are usually attributed to the hydrophobic nature of the cations.Some cation-anion association appears also to play a role.Similar immiscibilities have been observed with other hydrogen-bonding solvents of high cohesive energy density, namely glycerol, ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, formamide and nonoethanolamine, suggesting the existence of a more general solvophobic unmixing effect. Keywords: Electrolyte Solutions / Liquids / Low-Melting Salts / Thermodynamics
Ionization and Dissociation Equilibria in Liquid SO2. 12. The Behavior of Tetrahedral Ions
Lichtin, Norman N.,Wasserman, Bernard,Clougherty, Edward,Wasserman, June,Reardon, John F.
, p. 2946 - 2952 (2007/10/02)
Electrolytic conductance of their solutions in liquid sulfur dioxide over a wide range of concentrations was measured for the 21 ionophores, Me4NCl, MeΝClO4, PhMe3NBr, PhMe3NCl, PhMe3NI, Et4NI, Pr4NCl, Pr4NBr, Pr4NI, Bu4NBr, Bu4NI, Bu4NPc, (i-Am)4NBr, (i-Am)4NI, (i-Am)4NB(i-Am)4, (i-Am)3NHBr, Hex4NI, Ph4AsCl, Ph4AsI, Ph4AsPc, and Ph4PPc, at 273.15 K and other temperatures.Limiting equivalent conductances and dissociation constants were determined for these solutes by Shedlovsky's procedure.Utilizing the data of this and other investigations, we calculated thermodynamic quantities for the dissociation equilibria of many of the solutes.Values of Bjerrum's contact distance parameter, a, were calculated from the equilibrium data and compared to sums of estimated ionic radii.Limiting ionic conductances were evaluated by a Fuoss-Coplan division of the limiting equivalent conductance of (i-Am)4NB(i-Am)4.Stokes radii were calculated for the ions employed.The results of the measurements are interpreted in terms of ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions.
