54502-37-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Isothiourea-Catalysed Regioselective Acylative Kinetic Resolution of Axially Chiral Biaryl Diols
Qu, Shen,Greenhalgh, Mark D.,Smith, Andrew D.
supporting information, p. 2816 - 2823 (2019/02/05)
An operationally simple isothiourea-catalysed acylative kinetic resolution of unprotected 1,1′-biaryl-2,2′-diol derivatives has been developed to allow access to axially chiral compounds in highly enantioenriched form (s values up to 190). Investigation of the reaction scope and limitations provided three key observations: i) the diol motif of the substrate was essential for good conversion and high s values; ii) the use of an α,α-disubstituted mixed anhydride (2,2-diphenylacetic pivalic anhydride) was critical to minimize diacylation and give high selectivity; iii) the presence of substituents in the 3,3′-positions of the diol hindered effective acylation. This final observation was exploited for the highly regioselective acylative kinetic resolution of unsymmetrical biaryl diol substrates bearing a single 3-substituent. Based on the key observations identified, acylation transition state models have been proposed to explain the atropselectivity of this kinetic resolution.
Reactivity and selectivity in the inhibition of elastase by 3-oxo-β-sultams and in their hydrolysis
Tsang, Wing-Yin,Ahmed, Naveed,Hemming, Karl,Page, Michael I.
, p. 3993 - 4000 (2008/09/21)
3-Oxo-β-sultams are both β-sultams and β-lactams and are a novel class of time-dependent inhibitors of elastase. The inhibition involves formation of a covalent enzyme-inhibitor adduct with transient stability by acylation of the active-site serine resulting from substitution at the carbonyl centre of the 3-oxo-β-sultam, C-N fission, and expulsion of the sulfonamide. The lead compound, N-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxo-β-sultam 1 is a reasonably potent inhibitor against porcine pancreatic elastase with a second-order rate constant of 768 M-1 s-1 at pH 6, but also possesses high chemical reactivity with a half-life for hydrolysis of only 6 mins at the same pH in water. Interestingly, the hydrolysis of 3-oxo-β-sultams occurs at the sulfonyl centre with S-N fission and expulsion of the amide leaving group, whereas the enzyme reaction occurs at the acyl centre. Increasing selectivity between these two reactive centres was explored by examining the effect of substituents on the reactivity of 3-oxo-β-sultam towards hydrolysis and enzyme inhibition. The inhibition activity against porcine pancreatic elastase has a much higher sensitivity to substituent variation than does the rate of alkaline hydrolysis. A difference of 2000-fold is observed in the second-order rate constants, ki, for inhibition whereas there is only a 100-fold difference in the second-order rate constants, kOH, for alkaline hydrolysis within the series. The higher sensitivity of enzyme inhibition to substituents than that of simple chemical reactivity indicates a significant degree of molecular recognition of the 3-oxo-β-sultams by the enzyme. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Synthesis and characterization of 6-O-acyl-2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L- ascorbic acids with a branched-acyl chain
Tai, Akihiro,Kawasaki, Daisuke,Sasaki, Kenji,Gohda, Eiichi,Yamamoto, Itaru
, p. 175 - 180 (2007/10/03)
We previously reported the chemical synthesis of a series of novel monoacylated vitamin C derivatives, 6-O-acyl-2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L- ascorbic acids (6-Acyl-AA-2G) possessing a straight-acyl chain of varying length from C4 to C18, as effective skin antioxidants. In this paper, we describe branched type of 6-Acyl-AA-2G derivatives (6-bAcyl-AA-2G) synthesized by use of a 2-branched-chain fatty acid anhydride as an acyl donor. The stability of 6-bAcyl-AA-2G in neutral solution was much higher than that of 6-Acyl-AA-2G, while they were susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis for exerting vitamin C effect. These branched derivatives as well as 6-Acyl-AA-2G increased the radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and the lipophilicity in octanol/water-partitioning systems with increasing length of their acyl group. In addition, the 6-bAcyl-AA-2G derivative with an acyl chain of C12, 6-bDode-AA-2G had the excellent solubility to various solvents, suggesting easy handling in cosmetic use. These characteristics of 6-bAcyl-AA-2G may be available for skin care application as an effective antioxidant.
Synthesis of Analogues of the Carboxyl Protease Inhibitor Pepstatin. Effect of Structure in Subsite P3 on Inhibition of Pepsin
Rich, Daniel H.,Bernartowicz, Michael S.
, p. 791 - 795 (2007/10/02)
A series of pepstatin analogues having minimum structural requirements for tight-binding inhibition has been synthesized and tested on porcine pepsin.Subtle changes in the geometry and size of side chains at the valine-1 position of pepstatin were found to dramatically affect inhibitor potency as well as the type of kinetic behavior observed.The inhibitors reported here can be grouped into two categories: the more potent inhibitors are slow-binding inhibitors, i.e., exhibit slow, time-dependent inhibition; the weaker inhibitors, with Ki values greater than 10-8M, are not time-dependent inhibitors.A minimum kinetic mechanism is proposed to account for the observed kinetic behavior.
