56888-48-3

Upstream product

• 1217-45-4 9,10-Dicyanoanthracene 
• 712-74-3 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene 
• 770-09-2 benzyltrimethylsilane 
• 140-29-4 phenylacetonitrile 
• 1539-57-7 diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-benzyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate 
• 103-82-2 phenylacetic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Radical-Based C?C Bond-Forming Processes Enabled by the Photoexcitation of 4-Alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines

We report herein that 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (alkyl-DHPs) can directly reach an electronically excited state upon light absorption and trigger the generation of C(sp3)-centered radicals without the need for an external photocatalyst. Selective excitation with a violet-light-emitting diode turns alkyl-DHPs into strong reducing agents that can activate reagents through single-electron transfer manifolds while undergoing homolytic cleavage to generate radicals. We used this photochemical dual-reactivity profile to trigger radical-based carbon–carbon bond-forming processes, including nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions.

Solid-state and solution photolyses of tetracyanobenzene with benzyl cyanides or benzyl alcohols

Intermolecular photoreactions of tetracyanobenzene (TCNB) with benzyl cyanide (BzCN), benzyl alcohol (BzOH) and various others were investigated in the solid state (cocrystal) and in solution. The new solid-state photocoupling reaction found for the cocrystal TCNB·BzCN, giving a stilbene derivative followed by the solution isomerization into an isoindole derivative, is a very limited reaction. On the other hand, its solution photocondensation to give products of the diphenylmethane type occurred quite generally, probably under acidic conditions. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Electron-donating Behaviour of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids in the Photoreaction with 1,2,4,5-Tetracyanobenzene

Irradiation of an acetonitrile solution of 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene with aliphatic carboxylic acids gives 2,4,5-tricyanoalkylbenzenes efficiently; electron transfer from the carboxylic acids to the excited tetracyanobenzene is essential.