57644-24-3

Upstream product

• 91-56-5 indole-2,3-dione 
• 106-47-8 4-chloro-aniline 
• 59-48-3 2-oxoindole 
• 62-53-3 aniline 
• 42366-35-8 hydroxyimino-N-phenylacetamide 

Downstream Products

• 111259-66-6 C₁₈H₁₃ClN₂O₄S 
• 79560-71-7 isatin-3-(4-chlorophenyl)thiosemicarbazone 
• 84919-25-5 N’-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-ylidene)-4-fluorobenzohydrazide 
• 79962-57-5 3'-(4-chlorophenyl)-spiro[3H-indole-3,2'-thiazolidine]-2,4'-(1H)-dione 
• 91870-68-7 C₁₇H₁₃ClN₂O₂S 
• 138590-14-4 3-(4-Chloro-phenylamino)-3-phenylsulfanyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one 
• 108262-95-9 3-[(Z)-4-Chloro-phenylimino]-1-dimethylaminomethyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one 
• 108262-96-0 3-[(Z)-4-Chloro-phenylimino]-1-diethylaminomethyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one 
• 108284-71-5 1-{[Bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-methyl}-3-[(Z)-4-chloro-phenylimino]-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one 
• 138590-15-5 3-Benzylsulfanyl-3-(4-chloro-phenylamino)-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one 
• 1104839-01-1 C₁₄H₁₁ClN₂O 
• 1350466-25-9 3-allyl-3-((4-chlorophenyl)amino)indolin-2-one 
• 1383715-75-0 C₂₅H₁₈ClN₃O₃ 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Rationalizing Distinct Mechanical Properties of Three Polymorphs of a Drug Adduct by Nanoindentation and Energy Frameworks Analysis: Role of Slip Layer Topology and Weak Interactions

Three concomitant polymorphs of 3-((4-chlorophenyl)imino)indolin-2-one, a Schiff's base, are identified and sorted based on morphology and mechanical response of their crystals. Form I grows as blocks and shows brittle fracture, Form II has long needles and shows plastic bending, and Form III also has long needles and shows elastic bending under similar qualitative mechanical deformation tests. Furthermore, the brittle Form I was found to exhibit thermosalient behavior (jumping) when heated on a hot plate. The distinct mechanical behavior of the three forms is rationalized by analyzing intermolecular interaction energies from energy frameworks analysis, slip layer topology, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and nanoindentation. The quantitative nanoindentation studies unveiled that Form III has higher elastic modulus and stiffness than Forms I and II, while the hardness was lowest for the plastic Form II. Despite high structural similarity in Forms II (plastic) and III (elastic), the E of elastic Form III was found to be 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of plastic Form II crystals, which is attributed to the subtle differences in interaction energies and slip layer topology in the two cases. Consideration of slip layer topology and interaction energies from the structures are very useful for rationalizing mechanical properties, but may not be always sufficient, and one may also need to know the topology of the potential energy surface of the slip layers for understanding the distinct mechanical behavior.

Synthesis of 1,3-diaryl-spiro[azetidine-2,3′-indoline]-2′,4-diones: Via the Staudinger reaction: Cis - Or trans -diastereoselectivity with different addition modes

A new synthetic approach for realizing biologically relevant bis-aryl spiro[azetidine-2,3′-indoline]-2′,4-diones was developed based on Staudinger ketene-imine cycloaddition through the one-pot reaction of substituted acetic acids and Schiff bases in the presence of oxalyl chloride and an organic base. A series of [azetidine-2,3′-indoline]-2′,4-diones were synthesized using this method. For comparison, the same compounds were obtained using a known technique, where ketene is generated from pre-synthesized acyl chloride. It was shown that the use of oxalyl chloride for ketene generation in the one-pot reaction at room temperature allows for the reversal of the diastereoselectivity of spiro-lactam formation, unlike previously described procedures.

Combretastatin A-4: The Antitubulin Agent that Inspired the Design and Synthesis of Styrene and Spiroisatin Hybrids as Promising Cytotoxic, Antifungal and Antiviral Compounds

The design of a series of styrene and spiroisatin hybrids was based on the structure of combretastatin A-4 1. This library of 20 compounds were synthesized with the pharmacophoric units: 3,4,5-trimethoxy or/and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl moities in their structure. Thereby, the libraries of β-nitrostyrenes 10a-10c, spiroisatin-dihydroquinolines 14a-14c, spiroisatinthiazolidinones 17a-17c and spiroisatin-nitropyrrolizidines 20a-20k were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, antifungal and antiviral activities. Biological results revealed that among these compounds, β-nitrostyrenes 10a-10c exhibited significant cytotoxicity (HeLa and Jurkat tumor cells) and antifungal (T. mentagrophytes) activities. Moreover, the spiroisatin-dihydroquinoline 14a and 14c showed promising cytotoxicity (U937 cells). 14a-14c molecules were active against human herpesviruses serotypes 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2), but only 14a and 14b were effective against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2). The spiroisatin-nitropyrrolizidine 20c exhibited moderate anti-herpetic activity, while 17c spiroisatin-thiazolidinone derivative also reduced the infection of HHV-1 and DENV-2. Finally, the molecular docking showed that these kind of molecules interact with the subunit α/β-tubulin.

Stereocontrolled [3+2] Cycloaddition of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes to Iminooxindoles: Access to Spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidines]

A novel stereocontrolled assembly of spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidines] via [3+2]-cycloaddition of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes to electron-poor ketimines, iminooxindoles, was developed. The method allows for efficient employment of common readily available donor-acceptor cyclopropanes, functionalized with ester, keto, nitro, cyano etc. groups, and N-unprotected iminooxindoles. The stereospecificity of the initial SN2-like imine attack on a cyclopropane molecule together with a high diastereoselectivity of further C-C bond formation facilitate a rapid access to spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidines] in their optically active forms. Preliminary in vitro testing of the synthesized compounds against LNCaP (p53+) and PC-3 (p53-) cells revealed good antiproliferative activities and p53-selectivity indices for several compounds that are intriguing in terms of their further investigation as inhibitors of MDM2-p53 interaction.

Preparation and antiplasmodial activity of 3',4'-dihydro-1'H-spiro(indoline-3,2'-quinolin)-2-ones

A series of 3',4'-dihydro-1'H-spiro(indoline-3,2'-quinolin)-2-ones were prepared by the inverse-electron-demand aza-Diels–Alder reaction (Povarov reaction) of imines derived from isatin and substituted anilines, and the electron-rich alkenes trans-isoeuge

Anti-leishmanial effect of spiro dihydroquinoline-oxindoles on volume regulation decrease and sterol biosynthesis of Leishmania braziliensis

Diverse spiro dihydroquinoline-oxindoles (JS series) were prepared using the BF3?OEt2-catalyzed imino Diels-Alder reaction between ketimine-isatin derivatives and trans-isoeugenol. Ten spiro-oxiindole derivatives were selected and ev

Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel tacrine-isatin Schiff base hybrid derivatives

A series of novel tacrine-isatin Schiff base hybrid derivatives (7a-p)were designed, synthesized and evaluated as multi-target candidates against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biological assays indicated that most of these compounds displayed potent inhibitory activity toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE)and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE)and specific selectivity for AChE over BuChE. It was also found that they act as excellent metal chelators. The compounds 7k and 7m were found to be good inhibitors of AChE-induced amyloid-beta (Aβ)aggregation. Most of the compounds inhibited AChE with the IC50 values, ranging from 0.42 nM to 79.66 nM. Amongst them, 7k, 7m and 7p, all with a 6 carbon linker between tacrine and isatin Schiff base exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity against AChE with IC50 values of 0.42 nM, 0.62 nM and 0.95 nM, respectively. They were 92-, 62- and 41-fold more active than tacrine (IC50 = 38.72 nM)toward AChE. Most of the compounds also showed a potent BuChE inhibition among which 7d with an IC50 value of 0.11 nM for BuChE is the most potent one (56-fold more potent than that of tacrine (IC50 = 6.21 nM)). In addition, most compounds exhibited the highest metal chelating property. Kinetic and molecular modeling studies revealed that 7k is a mixed-type inhibitor, capable of binding to catalytic and peripheral site of AChE. Our findings make this hybrid scaffold an excellent candidate to modify current drugs in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Microwave-assisted synthesis and evaluation of indole derivatives as potential anthelmintic agents

An efficient method is developed and exploited for the synthesis of indole derivatives via microwave-assisted technology. By considering the advantage microwave synthesis in terms of high efficient energy, indole derivatives are prepared. In the current study, the Schiff's bases are first synthesized by reaction of 1H-indole-2,3-dione (isatin) with various substituted anilines in presence of acetic acid under microwave irradiation. Then the Mannich bases are produced by condensation of Schiff bases with different secondary amines in the presence of formaldehyde. The newly synthesized compounds are characterized by TLC report and spectral data followed by evaluation for anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Albendazole is used as standard drug for comparative study. The titled compounds are screened for anthelmintic activity at the concentration of 10, 20 and 50 mg/ml. The anthelmintic effect of standard drug Albendazole is also evaluated at 10 mg/ml. The results of present study indicate that some of the tested compounds exhibit significant anthelmintic activity in dose dependent manner.

Synthesis and evaluation of oxindoles as promising inhibitors of the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is considered as an important therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer, chronic infections and other diseases that are associated with immune suppression. Recent developments in understanding the catalytic mechanism of the IDO1 enzyme revealed that conversion of l-tryptophan (l-Trp) to N-formylkynurenine proceeded through an epoxide intermediate state. Accordingly, we synthesized a series of 3-substituted oxindoles from l-Trp, tryptamine and isatin. Compounds with C3-substituted oxindole moieties showed moderate inhibitory activity against the purified human IDO1 enzyme. Their optimization led to the identification of potent compounds, 6, 22, 23 and 25 (IC50 = 0.19 to 0.62 μM), which are competitive inhibitors of IDO1 with respect to l-Trp. These potent compounds also showed IDO1 inhibition potencies in the low-micromolar range (IC50 = 0.33-0.49 μM) in MDA-MB-231 cells. The cytotoxicity of these potent compounds was trivial in different model cancer (MDA-MB-231, A549 and HeLa) cells and macrophage (J774A.1) cells. Stronger selectivity for the IDO1 enzyme (124 to 210-fold) over the tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) enzyme was also observed for these compounds. These results suggest that the oxindole moiety of the compounds could mimic the epoxide intermediate state of l-Trp. Therefore, the structural simplicity and low-micromolar inhibition potencies of these 3-substituted oxindoles make them quite attractive for further investigation of IDO1 function and immunotherapeutic applications.

Spirotriazoline oxindoles: A novel chemical scaffold with in vitro anticancer properties

The design and synthesis of a library of twenty-six spirotriazoline oxindoles and their in vitro evaluation as potential anticancer agents is reported. The antiproliferative activity of the synthesized compounds was assessed against four different cancer cell lines (HCT-116 p53 (+/+), HCT-116 p53 (?/?), MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231). Four spirotriazoline oxindoles showed selectivity against the four cancer cell lines tested over the non-cancer derived HEK 293T cell line. To characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in compound antitumoral activity, two spirotriazoline oxindoles were selected for further studies. Both compounds were able to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and upregulated p53 steady-state levels, while decreasing its main inhibitor MDM2, in HCT-116 cells. Importantly, cytotoxic effects induced by spirotriazoline oxindoles occurred in cancer cells without eliciting cell death in non-malignant CCD-18Co human colon fibroblasts. In addition, four spirotriazoline oxindoles showed selectivity against the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 with IC50 values of 3.5–6.7 μM. These results highlight the anticancer potential of spirotriazoline oxindoles, especially when dealing with aggressive and challenging triple-negative breast cancer.