5787-28-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis and Asymmetric Alkene Hydrogenation Activity of C2-Symmetric Enantioenriched Pyridine Dicarbene Iron Dialkyl Complexes
Viereck, Peter,Rummelt, Stephan M.,Soja, Natalia A.,Pabst, Tyler P.,Chirik, Paul J.
supporting information, p. 1053 - 1061 (2021/05/07)
Enantioenriched N-alkyl-imidazole-substituted pyridine dicarbene iron dialkyl complexes have been synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR and zero-field 57Fe M?ssbauer spectroscopies as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In benzene-d6, reversible coordination of N2 was observed establishing an equilibrium between a five-coordinate, S = 1 iron dialkyl derivative and the corresponding six-coordinate, diamagnetic dinitrogen complex. A modest enantioselectivity of 45% enantiomeric excess (ee) was observed for the catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of 1-isopropyl-1-phenyl ethylene at 4 atm of H2 using 10 mol % of an enantioenriched iron dialkyl precatalyst, (ACNC)Fe(CH2SiMe3)2 ((ACNC) = bis(alkylimidazol-2-ylidene)pyridine). Decreasing the H2 pressure to 1 atm increased the ee to 70%. Incubation experiments established that the reaction of the iron dialkyl precatalysts with H2 initiates a background reaction leading to the generation of a less selective catalyst; suppressing this pathway is crucial for obtaining high enantioselectivity. The attempted hydrogenation of methyl-2-acetamidoacrylate identified a deactivation pathway where N-H bond activation generated an iron alkyl κ2-amidate alkyl. For productive catalytic reactions, deuterium labeling studies are consistent with a pathway for hydrogenation involving fast, reversible [2,1]-alkene insertion and a slow, enantiodetermining [1,2]-insertion. Monitoring the catalytic alkene hydrogenation reaction by NMR spectroscopy supports a homogeneous active catalyst that also undergoes C-H activation of the ACNC ligand backbone as a competing reaction.
Indene Derived Phosphorus-Thioether Ligands for the Ir-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Olefins with Diverse Substitution Patterns and Different Functional Groups
Margalef, Jèssica,Biosca, Maria,de la Cruz-Sánchez, Pol,Caldentey, Xisco,Rodríguez-Escrich, Carles,Pàmies, Oscar,Pericàs, Miquel A.,Diéguez, Montserrat
supporting information, p. 4561 - 4574 (2021/04/05)
A family of phosphite/phosphinite-thioether ligands have been tested in the Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of a range of olefins (50 substrates in total). The presented ligands are synthesized in three steps from cheap indene and they are air-stable solids. Their modular architecture has been crucial to maximize the catalytic performance for each type of substrate. Improving most Ir-catalysts reported so far, this ligand family presents a broader substrate scope, covering different substitution patterns with different functional groups, ranging from unfunctionalized olefins, through olefins with poorly coordinative groups, to olefins with coordinative functional groups. α,β-Unsaturated acyclic and cyclic esters, ketones and amides werehydrogenated in enantioselectivities ranging from 83 to 99% ee. Enantioselectivities ranging from 91 to 98% ee were also achieved for challenging substrates such as unfunctionalized 1,1′-disubstituted olefins, functionalized tri- and 1,1′-disubstituted vinyl phosphonates, and β-cyclic enamides. The catalytic performance of the Ir-ligand assemblies was maintained when the environmentally benign 1,2-propylene carbonate was used as solvent. (Figure presented.).
Tandem Peterson olefination and chemoselective asymmetric hydrogenation of β-hydroxy silanes
Krajangsri, Suppachai,Wu, Haibo,Liu, Jianguo,Rabten, Wangchuk,Singh, Thishana,Andersson, Pher G.
, p. 3649 - 3653 (2019/03/28)
Here, we report the first Ir-N,P complex catalyzed tandem Peterson olefination and asymmetric hydrogenation of β-hydroxy silanes. This reaction resulted in the formation of chiral alkanes in high isolated yields (up to 99%) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee) under mild conditions. Modification of the reaction conditions provides a choice to transform either an olefin or the β-hydroxy silane in a chemoselective manner. Additionally, based on this method, an expedient enantioselective synthesis of (S)-(+)-α-curcumene, from a simple ketone, was accomplished in two steps with 75% overall yield and 95% ee.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Disubstituted, Trisubstituted, and Tetrasubstituted Minimally Functionalized Olefins and Cyclic β-Enamides with Easily Accessible Ir-P,Oxazoline Catalysts
Biosca, Maria,Magre, Marc,Pàmies, Oscar,Diéguez, Montserrat
, p. 10316 - 10320 (2018/10/20)
We have developed a family of Ir-P,oxazoline catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenation. These catalysts, with a simple modular architecture, have shown a high tolerance to the olefin geometry and substitution pattern, and to the presence of several neighboring polar groups. Thus, they were able to successfully hydrogenate disubstituted, trisubstituted, and tetrasubstituted minimally functionalized olefins (with enantiomeric excess values up to 99%). The excellent catalytic performance was also extended to the hydrogenation of cyclic β-enamides.
STEREORETENTIVE CROSS-COUPLING OF BORONIC ACIDS
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, (2018/11/21)
The present disclosure provides tri-orthoalkylphenyl phosphine catalysts that are tuned electrically and sterically. Method of using the catalyst for cross-coupling of unactivated secondary boronic acids with near-perfect levels of site- and stereoretention are also provided.
Alternatives to Phosphinooxazoline (t-BuPHOX) Ligands in the Metal-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Minimally Functionalized Olefins and Cyclic β-Enamides
Biosca, Maria,Magre, Marc,Coll, Mercè,Pàmies, Oscar,Diéguez, Montserrat
, p. 2801 - 2814 (2017/08/23)
This study presents a new series of readily accessible iridium- and rhodium-phosphite/oxazoline catalytic systems that can efficiently hydrogenate, for the first time, both minimally functionalized olefins and functionalized olefins (62 examples in total) in high enantioselectivities (ees up to >99%) and conversions. The phosphite-oxazoline ligands, which are readily available in only two synthetic steps, are derived from previous privileged 4-alkyl-2-[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]-2-oxazoline (PHOX) ligands by replacing the phosphine moiety by a biaryl phosphite group and/or the introduction of a methylene spacer between the oxazoline and the phenyl ring. The modular design of the ligands has given us the opportunity not only to overcome the limitations of the iridium-PHOX catalytic systems in the hydrogenation of minimally functionalized Z-olefins and 1,1-disubstituted olefins, but also to expand their use to unfunctionalized olefins containing other challenging scaffolds (e.g., exocyclic benzofused and triaryl-substituted olefins) and also to olefins with poorly coordinative groups (e.g., α,β-unsaturated lactams, lactones, alkenylboronic esters, etc.) with enantioselectivities typically >95% ee. Moreover, both enantiomers of the hydrogenation product could be obtained by simply changing the configuration of the biaryl phosphite moiety. Remarkably, the new catalytic systems also provided excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) in the asymmetric hydrogenation of another challenging class of olefins – the functionalized cyclic β-enamides. Again, both enantiomers of the reduced amides could be obtained by changing the metal from Ir to Rh. We also demonstrated that environmentally friendly propylene carbonate can be used with no loss of enantioselectivity. Another advantage of the new ligands over the PHOX ligands is that the best ligands are derived from the affordable (S)-phenylglycinol rather than from the expensive (S)-tert-leucinol. (Figure presented.).
Copper(i)-catalysed asymmetric allylic reductions with hydrosilanes
Thanh Nguyen,Thiel, Niklas O.,Teichert, Johannes F.
supporting information, p. 11686 - 11689 (2017/11/03)
A copper(i)-catalysed asymmetric allylic reduction enables a regio- and stereoselective transfer of a hydride nucleophile in an SN2′-fashion onto allylic bromides. This transformation represents a conceptually orthogonal approach to allylic substitution reactions with carbon nucleophiles. A copper(i) complex based upon a chiral N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand allows for stereoselectivity reaching 99% ee. The catalyst enables a stereoconvergent reaction irrespective of the double bond configuration of the starting materials.
Enantioselective synthesis of tunable chiral clickphine P,N-ligands and their application in Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation
Wassenaar, Jeroen,Detz, Remko J.,De Boer, Sandra Y.,Lutz, Martin,Van Maarseveen, Jan H.,Hiemstra, Henk,Reek, Joost N. H.
, p. 3634 - 3642 (2015/04/22)
A small library of highly tunable chiral Clickphine P,N-ligands has been prepared in an enantioselective fashion by CuI-catalyzed asymmetric propargylic amination using a single chiral complex and a subsequent in situ cycloaddition click reaction. The scope of the propargylic amination to yield optically active triazolyl amines is described. The amines are transformed in a one-pot procedure to the corresponding Ir-Clickphine complexes, which serve as catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted unfunctionalized alkenes. Enantioselectivities of up to 90% ee were obtained in these hydrogenations, which are among the best reported in the case of the tetrasubstituted substrate 2-(4′-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbut-2-ene (9) (87% ee). This is a demonstration of the effective use of the chiral pool, as from one chiral catalyst a library of chiral Ir complexes has been synthesized that can hydrogenate various alkenes with high selectivity.
Extending the substrate scope of bicyclic p-oxazoline/thiazole ligands for ir-catalyzed hydrogenation of unfunctionalized olefins by introducing a biaryl phosphoroamidite group
Biosca, Maria,Paptchikhine, Alexander,P??mies, Oscar,Andersson, Pher G.,Di??guez, Montserrat
supporting information, p. 3455 - 3464 (2015/03/04)
This study identifies a series of Ir-bicyclic phosphoroamidite-oxazoline/thiazole catalytic systems that can hydrogenate a wide range of minimally functionalized olefins (including E- and Z-tri- and disubstituted substrates, vinylsilanes, enol phosphinates, tri- and disubstituted alkenylboronic esters, and ?±,?2-unsaturated enones) in high enantioselectivities (ee values up to 99%) and conversions. The design of the new phosphoroamidite-oxazoline/thiazole ligands derives from a previous successful generation of bicyclic N-phosphane-oxazoline/thiazole ligands, by replacing the N-phosphane group with a p-acceptor biaryl phosphoroamidite moiety. A small but structurally important family of Ir-phosphoroamidite-oxazoline/thiazole precatalysts has thus been synthesized by changing the nature of the Ndonor group (either oxazoline or thiazole) and the configuration at the biaryl phosphoroamidite moiety. The substitution of the N-phosphane by a phosphoroamidite group in the bicyclic N-phosphane-oxazoline/thiazole ligands extended the range of olefins that can be successfully hydrogenated.
Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation with Simple Cyclohexane-Based P/S Ligands: In Situ HP-NMR and DFT Calculations for the Characterization of Reaction Intermediates
Borràs, Carlota,Biosca, Maria,Pàmies, Oscar,Diéguez, Montserrat
, p. 5321 - 5334 (2015/11/18)
We report a reduced but structurally valuable phosphite/phosphinite-thioether ligand library for the Ir-hydrogenation of 40 minimally functionalized alkenes, including relevant examples with poorly coordinative groups. We found that enantiomeric excesses are mainly dependent on the substrate structure and on some ligand parameters (i.e., the type of thioether/phosphorus moieties and the configuration of the phosphite group), whereas the substituents of the biaryl phosphite moiety had little impact. By tuning the ligand parameters we were able to find highly selective catalysts for a range of substrates (ees up to 99%). These phosphite/phosphinite-thioether ligands have a simple backbone and thus yield simple NMR spectra that reduce signal overlap and facilitate the identification of relevant intermediates. Therefore, by combining HP-NMR spectroscopy and theoretical studies, we were also able to identify the catalytically competent Ir-dihydride alkene species, which made it possible to explain the enantioselectivity obtained.
