59512-44-6Relevant articles and documents
The Effects of Prodrug Size and a Carbonyl Linker on l-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1-Targeted Cellular and Brain Uptake
Venteicher, Brooklynn,Merklin, Kasey,Ngo, Huy X.,Chien, Huan-Chieh,Hutchinson, Keino,Campbell, Jerome,Way, Hannah,Griffith, Joseph,Alvarado, Cesar,Chandra, Surabhi,Hill, Evan,Schlessinger, Avner,Thomas, Allen A.
, p. 869 - 880 (2020/12/15)
The l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1, SLC7A5) imports dietary amino acids and amino acid drugs (e. g., l-DOPA) into the brain, and plays a role in cancer metabolism. Though there have been numerous reports of LAT1-targeted amino acid-drug conjugates (prodrugs), identifying the structural determinants to enhance substrate activity has been challenging. In this work, we investigated the position and orientation of a carbonyl group in linking hydrophobic moieties including the anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen to l-tyrosine and l-phenylalanine. We found that esters of meta-carboxyl l-phenylalanine had better LAT1 transport rates than the corresponding acylated l-tyrosine analogues. However, as the size of the hydrophobic moiety increased, we observed a decrease in LAT1 transport rate with a concomitant increase in potency of inhibition. Our results have important implications for designing amino acid prodrugs that target LAT1 at the blood-brain barrier or on cancer cells.
Nickel/Photoredox-Catalyzed Methylation of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides Using Trimethyl Orthoformate as a Methyl Radical Source
Kariofillis, Stavros K.,Shields, Benjamin J.,Tekle-Smith, Makeda A.,Zacuto, Michael J.,Doyle, Abigail G.
supporting information, p. 7683 - 7689 (2020/04/22)
Methylation of organohalides represents a valuable transformation, but typically requires harsh reaction conditions or reagents. We report a radical approach for the methylation of (hetero)aryl chlorides using nickel/photoredox catalysis wherein trimethyl orthoformate, a common laboratory solvent, serves as a methyl source. This method permits methylation of (hetero)aryl chlorides and acyl chlorides at an early and late stage with broad functional group compatibility. Mechanistic investigations indicate that trimethyl orthoformate serves as a source of methyl radical via β-scission from a tertiary radical generated upon chlorine-mediated hydrogen atom transfer.
Novel ketoprofen–antioxidants mutual codrugs as safer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Synthesis, kinetic and pharmacological evaluation
Sehajpal, Shikha,Prasad, Deo Nandan,Singh, Rajesh K.
, (2019/07/03)
Ketoprofen belongs to one of the most common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) but its clinical usefulness has been restricted due to the high incidence of gastrointestinal complications. The release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in NSAIDs