61337-87-9

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
S-Mirtazapine is used as an enantiomer of Mirtazapine for its distinct pharmacological effects. It has been found to exhibit pronociceptive effects, which are the opposite of the antinociceptive effects observed with R-Mirtazapine. This characteristic makes S-Mirtazapine a potential candidate for further research and development in the field of pain management and treatment.
Used in Antidepressant Development:
As an enantiomer of Mirtazapine, a known antidepressant, S-Mirtazapine may also be explored for its potential antidepressant properties. The study of its effects on mood and mental health could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating depression and related disorders.
Used in Pain Research:
S-Mirtazapine's pronociceptive effects make it a valuable subject for pain research. Understanding the mechanisms behind its pain-promoting actions could provide insights into the complex processes involved in pain perception and help in the development of novel pain management approaches.

InChI:InChI=1/C17H19N3/c1-19-9-10-20-16(12-19)15-7-3-2-5-13(15)11-14-6-4-8-18-17(14)20/h2-8,16H,9-12H2,1H3/t16-/m1/s1

Upstream product

• 824954-89-4 2-[(2S)-4-methyl-2-phenyl-1-piperazinyl]-3-pyridinemethanol 
• 1071546-33-2 (14bS)-1,3,4,14b-tetrahydro-2-methyl-pyrazino[2,1-a]pyrido[2,3-c][2]benzazepin-10(2H)-one 
• 1071546-36-5 (14bS)-1,2,3,4,10,14b-Hexahydro-2-methylpyrazino[2,1-a]pyrido[2,3-c][2]benzazepin-10-ol 
• 85650-52-8 Mirtazapine 
• 1071504-67-0 10-bromomethyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[e]pyrido[2,3-b]azepine 
• 1071504-69-2 S(+)-10-bromomethyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[e]pyrido[2,3-b]azepine 
• 1071504-92-1 ((S)-10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[e]pyrido[2,3-b]azepin-10-ylmethyl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylamine 
• 1072428-32-0 (S)-10-bromomethyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[e]pyrido[2,3-b]azepine (-)-(R)-mandelic acid salt 
• 130277-16-6 2-amino-3-benzylpyridine 

Downstream Products

• 680993-85-5 S-mirtazapine malonate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Simultaneous enantioselective determination of seven psychoactive drugs enantiomers in multi-specie animal tissues with chiral liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

In stock farming, illegal use of antipsychotics has caused the food safety problem. This paper presents for the first time, a multi-residues method for the simultaneous enantioselective determination of seven antipsychotics in pork, beef and lamb muscles. The behaviors of Chiralpak AGP toward changes in pH and organic modifier in mobile phase were studied, and all analytes were rapidly separated within 30 min. The calibration curves of all enantiomers were linear in the range of 1–250 ng g?1, with correlation coefficient above 0.9931. The recoveries of the targeted compounds were higher than 82.1%, with repeatability and intermediate precision lower than 18.2% and 17.4%, respectively. In three matrices, the limit of detection and limit of quantification ranged from 0.20 to 0.65 ng g?1 and from 0.40 to 1.00 ng g?1, respectively. The proposed method can be used to provide additional information for the reliable risk assessment of chiral antipsychotics.

Asymmetric synthesis of (S)-mirtazapine: Unexpected racemization through an aromatic ipso-attack mechanism

An asymmetric synthesis of (S)-mirtazapine has been achieved from the synthesis of the racemate by using (S)-1-methyl-3-phenylpiperazine as the starting material. Unfortunately, significant racemization was encountered in the final step, which involved an electrophilic aromatic ring closure of a alcohol by concentrated sulfuric acid. A significantly higher ee was observed when polyphosphoric acid (PPA) was used instead. A remarkable correlation between the amount of PPA used and the ee of the product was revealed, namely, an increase in the ee upon decreasing the amount of PPA. This trend was paralleled by the formation of an increasing amount of a side-product upon lowering the amount of PPA. The racemization and formation of a side-product can be explained by an ipso-attack mechanism during the electrophilic aromatic ring-closure reaction. This mechanism was supported by a mechanistic study using a deuterium-labeled substrate. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2008.

A METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN ENANTIOMERICALLY PURE BENZAZEPINE

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a cyclic compound according to formula (III) comprising reacting a compound according to Formula (I) and a compound according to formula (II), wherein in Formula (I), R1, R2, R3 and R4 may be hydrogen or substituent groups comprising one or more carbon atoms and/or hetero-atoms, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 can be combined in aromatic or aliphatic ring structures, -Y is a ring element comprising 1-3 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms and/or heteroatoms in the ring and -R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon substituent group comprising one or more carbon atoms and optionally one or more hetero atoms, and wherein in Formula (II), Z1 and Z2 are, leaving groups, X is a reactive functional hydrocarbon group for subsequent ring closure, comprising one or more carbon atoms and a reactive functional group and having a chain of between 1 to 6 atoms between the carbon atom attached to the central carbon atom of formula (II) and the reactive functional group and R8 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon substituent different from X making the central carbon atom of formula II a chiral centre in Formula (III) and wherein reactive functional group X can be or can be extended to be compound of formula (IV) which can be ring closed to produce the polycyclic component of formula (V). More in particular, the invention relates to the preparation of mirtazapine precursors and mirtazapine preferably having a substantial enantiomeric excess.

METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN ENANTIOMERICALLY PURE BENZAZEPINE

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a cyclic compound according to formula III comprising reacting a compound according to Formula I and a compound according to formula II, wherein in Formula I, R1, R2, R3 and R4 may be hydrogen or substituent groups comprising one or more carbon atoms and/or hetero-atoms, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 can be combined in aromatic or aliphatic ring structures, —Y is a ring element comprising 1-3 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms and/or heteroatoms in the ring and —R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon substituent group comprising one or more carbon atoms and optionally one or more hetero atoms, and wherein in Formula II, Z1 and Z2 are, leaving groups, X is a reactive functional hydrocarbon group for subsequent ring closure, comprising one or more carbon atoms and a reactive functional group and having a chain of between 1 to 6 atoms between the carbon atom attached to the central carbon atom of formula II and the reactive functional group and R8 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon substituent different from X making the central carbon atom of formula II a chiral centre in Formula III and wherein reactive functional group X can be or can be extended to be compound of formula IV which can be ring closed to produce the polycyclic component of formula V. More in particular, the invention relates to the preparation of mirtazapine precursors and mirtazapine preferably having a substantial enantiomeric excess.

METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN ENANTIOMER OF A TETRACYCLIC BENZAZEPINE

The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of mirtazapine and tetracyclic analogous compounds having substantial enantiomeric excess of the R or S form. The invention further relates to a novel intermediate and its use for the preparation of mirtazapine having a substantial enantiomeric excess of the R or S form. The method comprising the steps of a: providing a carboxylic acid compound according to Formula I having a substantial enantiomeric excess of the R or S form, b: converting the carboxylic acid group of compound I into a ketone group, producing a ketone compound of Formula II, c: optionally reducing ketone compound II with a mild reduction agent to form the intermediate hydroxy compound of Formula III and d: forming the mirtazapine of Formula IV by reduction of the ketone compound II or of the hydroxy compound III using a strong reduction agent.

A METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN ENANTIOMER OF A TETRACYCLIC BENZAZEPINE

The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of mirtazapine and tetracyclic analogous compounds having substantial enantiomeric excess of the R or S form. The invention further relates to a novel intermediate and its use for the preparation of mirtazapine having a substantial enantiomeric excess of the R or S form. The method comprising the steps of a: providing a carboxylic acid compound according to Formula (I) having a substantial enantiomeric excess of the R or S form, b: converting the carboxylic acid group of compound I into a ketone group, producing a ketone compound of Formula (II), c: optionally reducing ketone compound II with a mild reduction agent to form the intermediate hydroxy compound of Formula (III) and d: forming the mirtazapine of Formula (IV) by reduction of the ketone compound II or of the hydroxy compound III using a strong reduction agent.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING OPTICALLY ACTIVE PIPERAZINE COMPOUND

Provided is a method of producing optically active 1-methyl-3-phenylpiperazine of the formula (11) or salt thereof, comprising the following steps 1 to 4, or steps 5 to 7 and step 4, and a method of producing optically active mirtazapine via this method.

A METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF ENANTIOMERICALLY PURE MIRTAZAPINE

The invention provides a method for the preparation of enantiomerically pure mirtazapine, said method comprising a step of ring closure of a compound of formula (II) wherein X is a leaving group, said step comprising treatment with an acid, whereby mirlazapine with enantiomeric excess is formed by the ring closure of the compound of formula (II) with enantiomeric excess by treatment with a suitable acid in the absence of a solvent or a suitable combination of an acid and an organic solvent.