61653-63-2

Upstream product

• 682802-39-7 1-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-1,3-diphenylthiourea 
• 89990-53-4 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydropyridazine hydrochloride 
• 102-08-9 N,N-diphenylthiourea 
• 103-72-0 phenyl isothiocyanate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

3D and a method of manufacturing an integrated electronic module

The invention relates to the collective fabrication of n 3D modules. A batch of n wafers I are fabricated on one and the same plate. This step is repeated K times. The K plates are stacked. Plated-through holes are formed in the thickness of the stack. These holes are intended for connecting the slices together. The stack is cut in order to obtain the n 3D modules. The plate 10, which comprises silicon, is covered on one face 11 with an electrically insulating layer forming the insulating substrate. This face has grooves 20 that define n geometrical features, which are provided with an electronic component 1 connected to electrical connection pads 2′ placed on said face.

Synthesis, structural investigations and biological evaluation of novel hexahydropyridazine-1-carboximidamides, -carbothioamides and -carbothioimidic acid esters as inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors

Local excess of nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in β-cell damage, thus, a possible approach to the treatment of autoimmune IDDM is the selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). A series of variously substituted hexahydropyridazine-1-carbothioamides, -carbothioimidic acid esters and -carboximidamides was synthesized and dose-dependently evaluated as potential inhibitors of iNOS. The screening of the title compounds was performed with insulin-producing RIN-5AH cells and a combination of IL1-1β and IFN-γ as inducers of cellular NO production. The structure-activity analysis revealed that the variation of substituents in the position 1 of the hexahydropyridazine strongly influences the inhibitory activity to iNOS as well as being critical for RIN cell survival. Among the compounds tested, the hexahydropyridazine-1-carbothioamides showed particularly significant inhibitory effects. However, for an efficient iNOS inhibition substitution at the nitrogen of the 1-carbothioamide group is important. Thus, the introduction of aliphatic chains such as propyl or butyl and of cyclic moieties such as cyclohexyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, and 4-methoxyphenyl (IC 50: 0.5-2.1 mM), respectively, provided compounds with similar inhibitory activity to aminoguanidine (IC50: 0.3 mM), a common standard substance used for the selective inhibition of iNOS. However, the 1-carboximidamides, which represent more structurally related semicyclic derivatives of aminoguanidine, caused only incomplete iNOS inhibition. The hexahydropyridazine-1-carbothioimidic acid esters caused dose- and substituent-dependent damage of RIN-5AH cells. The toxicity of the synthesized compounds increased markedly if aliphatic substituents at the exocyclic N atom(s) were replaced by variously substituted aromatic rings.