64319-85-3Relevant articles and documents
Prescreening of Nicotine Hapten Linkers in Vitro To Select Hapten-Conjugate Vaccine Candidates for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation in Vivo
Arutla, Viswanath,Leal, Joseph,Liu, Xiaowei,Sokalingam, Sriram,Raleigh, Michael,Adaralegbe, Adejimi,Liu, Li,Pentel, Paul R.,Hecht, Sidney M.,Chang, Yung
, p. 286 - 298 (2017/05/15)
Since the demonstration of nicotine vaccines as a possible therapeutic intervention for the effects of tobacco smoke, extensive effort has been made to enhance nicotine specific immunity. Linker modifications of nicotine haptens have been a focal point for improving the immunogenicity of nicotine, in which the evaluation of these modifications usually relies on in vivo animal models, such as mice, rats or nonhuman primates. Here, we present two in vitro screening strategies to estimate and predict the immunogenic potential of our newly designed nicotine haptens. One utilizes a competition enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) to profile the interactions of nicotine haptens or hapten-protein conjugates with nicotine specific antibodies, both polyclonal and monoclonal. Another relies on computational modeling of the interactions between haptens and amino acid residues near the conjugation site of the carrier protein to infer linker-carrier protein conjugation effect on antinicotine antibody response. Using these two in vitro methods, we ranked the haptens with different linkers for their potential as viable vaccine candidates. The ELISA-based hapten ranking was in an agreement with the results obtained by in vivo nicotine pharmacokinetic analysis. A correlation was found between the average binding affinity (IC50) of the haptens to an anti-Nic monoclonal antibody and the average brain nicotine concentration in the immunized mice. The computational modeling of hapten and carrier protein interactions helps exclude conjugates with strong linker-carrier conjugation effects and low in vivo efficacy. The simplicity of these in vitro screening strategies should facilitate the selection and development of more effective nicotine conjugate vaccines. In addition, these data highlight a previously under-appreciated contribution of linkers and hapten-protein conjugations to conjugate vaccine immunogenicity by virtue of their inclusion in the epitope that binds and activates B cells.
METHODS OF RATIONAL NICOTINE HAPTEN DESIGN AND USES THEREOF
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Paragraph 0081, (2017/01/19)
Provided herein are methods for rational design of nicotine haptens. More particularly, provided herein are methods for designing, selecting, and synthesizing nicotine haptens and nicotine hapten conjugates. Also provided herein are novel nicotine haptens and methods for using nicotine haptens to treat nicotine addiction.
NOVEL NICOTINE DNA VACCINES
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Paragraph 0165, (2015/02/18)
The present invention provides DNA-nanostructures comprising and at least one targeting moiety, wherein the at least one targeting moiety is linked to the DNA-nanostructure; and wherein the at least one targeting moiety is nicotine or a nicotine analogue. These compounds elicit an immunogenic response in individuals and are useful as vaccines for ameliorating nicotine dependence.
COMPOUNDS AND METHODS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF AMYLOID ASSOCIATED DISEASES
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Page/Page column 39-41; 44, (2009/01/24)
The invention is in general directed to compounds, such as tannic acid, nicotine, nicotine derivatives and pyrrolidine derivatives of nicotine, and methods for diagnosing, preventing or alleviating the symptoms of amyloid-associated diseases, for example, neuronal diseases, such as, for example, Alzheimer's disease, compounds and methods for inhibiting ion channel activity of beta amyloid, and methods of diagnostic imaging of A/3 fibrils.
An immunotherapeutic program for the treatment of nicotine addiction: Hapten design and synthesis
Isomura,Wirsching,Janda
, p. 4115 - 4121 (2007/10/03)
People continue to smoke and use tobacco products despite well-established hazardous consequences. The most contributing factor is the addictive nature of nicotine. There is no highly effective treatment for the problem of nicotine dependence. Immunotherapy offers an alternative to conventional approaches. The chemistry necessary for a comprehensive immunopharmacological program is presented. Haptens for the generation of antibodies specific for naturally occurring (S)-nicotine, (S)- and (R)-nornicotine, and the metabolite (S)-cotinine were prepared with high optical purity. Preliminary data for antinicotine antibodies are reported.
A Practical and Efficient Synthesis of the Selective Neuronal Acetylcholine-Gated Ion Channel Agonist (S)-(-)-5-Ethynyl-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine Maleate (SIB-1508Y)
Bleicher, Leo S.,Cosford, Nicholas D. P.,Herbaut, Audrey,Stuart McCallum,McDonald, Ian A.
, p. 1109 - 1118 (2007/10/03)
An efficient, high-yielding synthetic procedure for the preparation of the novel neuronal acetylcholinegated ion channel agonist (S)-(-)-5-ethynyl-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine maleate [(S)-2, SIB-1508Y] is described. The key steps in the process include the lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide-mediated acylation of N-vinylpyrrolidinone with ethyl 5-bromonicotinate, a high-yielding sodium borohydride reduction of imine 5, and a new heteroaryl-alkyne cross-coupling protocol for the introduction of the ethyne moiety in (S)-2. The preparation of enantiomerically pure (S)-2 was accomplished via a combination of enantioselective reduction of imine 5 and crystallization of enantiomerically enriched 5-bromo-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine (7) as the dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid salt.
