65-19-0 Usage
Uses
Used in Neurological Disorders and Erectile Dysfunction Treatment:
Yohimbine hydrochloride is utilized as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders and erectile dysfunction due to its ability to block α2-adrenergic receptors, which can help improve blood flow and alleviate symptoms.
Used in Veterinary Medicine:
In the veterinary industry, Yohimbine hydrochloride is used as an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist to counteract the sedative effects and respiratory depression caused by xylazine, an α2-adrenergic agonist. It effectively reverses these effects and can also produce an antidiuretic effect, increase heart rate, and raise blood pressure.
Side effects
Yohimbine hydrochloride has been associated with high blood pressure, increased heart rate, headache, anxiety, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, tremors, and sleeplessness. It can be dangerous if taken in large doses or for long periods of time. It should not be taken in combination with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, as effects may be additive.
Yohimbe should be used with caution when taken with medicines for high blood pressure, tricyclic antidepressants, or phenothiazines. People with kidney problems and people with psychiatric conditions should not use yohimbe. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not take yohimbe.
The Journal of Medical Toxicology reports an instance of refractory priapism associated with ingestion of yohimbe extract, and there are other scattered reports of adverse reactions. However, may studies report it to be generally well tolerated.
Mechanism of action
Yohimbine hydrochloride is a pre-synaptic alpha 2-adrenergic blocking agent. The exact mechanism for its use in impotence has not been fully elucidated. However, yohimbine may exert its beneficial effect on erectile ability through blockade of central alpha 2-adrenergic receptors producing an increase in sympathetic drive secondary to an increase in norepinephrine release and in firing rate of cells in the brain noradrenergic nuclei.Yohimbine-mediated norepinephrine release at the level of the corporeal tissues may also be involved. In addition, beneficial effects may involve other neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin and cholinergic receptors.
Pharmacokinetics
Yohimbine hydrochloride—an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist that is approved for treatment of erectile dysfunction—may increase BP.1,2,In normal volunteers and in patients with panic disorders, oral administration at doses used clinically may slightly increase BP.1 However, in hypertensive patients oral yohimbine was reported to induce a significant increase in mean arterial pressure.The magnitude of the pressor response was related to baseline norepinephrine levels and to the yohimbine-induced increment in plasma norepinephrine levels.Thus yohimbine increases BP by stimulation of the sympathetic nervous outflow, and the drug should be administered with caution to patients with evidence for increased basal sympathetic outflow or those undergoing concurrent treatment with tricyclic antidepressants or other drugs that interfere with neuronal uptake or metabolism of norepinephrine.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Yohimbine is derived from the Coryanthe yohimbe tree cortex. It is an alkaloid. Yohimbine hydrochloride is an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist. It blocks the central α2-adrenergic receptors in the brain, thus preventing and reducing the effects of xylazine, an α2-adrenergic agonist. The sedative effects and respiratory depression that accompany xylazine administration are both antagonized and reversed by yohimbine. Yohimbine hydrochloride also produces an antidiuretic effect, and increases heart rate and blood pressure. It is useful in treating erectile dysfunction and promotes sexual functioning.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Yohimbine is indicated to reverse the effects of xylazine in dogs, but
it is being used clinically in several other species as well.
Yohimbine may be efficacious in reversing some of the toxic effects
associated with other agents (e.g., amitraz) and can be used
prophylactically before amitraz dips.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 65-19-0 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 6 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 1 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 65-19:
(4*6)+(3*5)+(2*1)+(1*9)=50
50 % 10 = 0
So 65-19-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C21H26N2O3/c1-26-21(25)19-15-10-17-20-14(13-4-2-3-5-16(13)22-20)8-9-23(17)11-12(15)6-7-18(19)24/h2-5,12,15,17-19,22,24H,6-11H2,1H3/p+1/t12-,15-,17-,18-,19+/m0/s1
65-19-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
NOVEL PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING ALPHA YOHIMBINE (RAUWOLSCINE) FROM RAUWOLFIA SPECIES
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Page/Page column 16, (2018/05/27)
Present invention discloses a novel, commercially viable process for extraction of Alpha yohimbine from the bark, stem and leaves of Rauwolfia species. The extract is obtained by a precipitation method involving alternate steps of acidification and alkalization along with use of specific organic solvents. The extract gives higher yield of 7-8 fold as compared to other processes and without use of any column chromatography at all. Yield of alpha yohimbine from roots and leaves of Rauwolfia canescens by process of present invention was 0.017% and 0.4% respectively, indicating that leaves are a much better source. The HPLC analysis of the compound obtained indicated a purity of > 90%.
