66753-70-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Two alkylresorcinol synthase genes from sorghum; cloning, expression, transformation and characterization
-
Page/Page column 39, (2016/02/26)
Sorghum is considered an allelopathic crop species and sorgoleone likely accounts for much of its allelopathic properties. Prior investigations into the biosynthesis of sorgoleone suggested the participation of one or more alkylresorcinol synthases (ARS), which are type III polyketide synthases (PKS) that produce 5-alkylresorcinols using medium to long-chain fatty acyl-CoA starter units via iterative condensations with malonyl-CoA. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis of PKS-like sequences mined from isolated root hairs revealed that two sequences, designated ARS1 and ARS2, were preferentially expressed. Recombinant enzyme studies demonstrated that both sequences encode ARS enzymes capable of accepting a variety of fatty acyl-CoA starter units. RNA interference (RNAi) experiments directed against ARS1 and ARS2 resulted in the generation of multiple independent transformant events exhibiting dramatically reduced sorgoleone levels. Thus, both ARS1 and ARS2 participate in the biosynthesis of sorgoleone in planta. ARS1 and ARS2 sequences were used to identify rice genes encoding alkylresorcinol synthases.
Two Novel Alkylresorcinol Synthase Genes from Sorghum; Cloning, Expression, Transformation and Characterization
-
, (2011/10/04)
Sorghum is considered to be an allelopathic crop species, producing phytotoxins such as the lipid benzoquinone sorgoleone (2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-[(Z,Z)-8′,11′,14′-pentadecatriene]-p-benzoquinone) which likely accounts for much of its allelopathic properties. Prior investigations into the biosynthesis of sorgoleone have suggested the participation of one or more alkylresorcinol synthases (ARS), which are type III polyketide synthases (PKS) that produce 5-alkylresorcinols using medium to long-chain fatty acyl-CoA starter units via iterative condensations with malonyl-CoA. Current evidence suggests that sorgoleone biosynthesis occurs exclusively in root hair cells, involving the synthesis of a 5-pentadecatrienyl resorcinol intermediate derived from an unusual 16:3 fatty acyl-CoA starter unit. To characterize the enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of this alkylresorcinol intermediate, a previously-described expressed sequence tag (EST) database prepared from isolated root hairs was first mined for all PKS-like sequences. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analyses revealed that two of these sequences were preferentially expressed in root hairs, and recombinant enzyme studies demonstrated that both sequences (designated ARS1 and ARS2) encode ARS enzymes capable of accepting a variety of fatty acyl-CoA starter units. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) experiments directed against ARS1 and ARS2 resulted in the generation of multiple independent transformant events exhibiting dramatically reduced sorgoleone levels. Thus, both ARS1 and ARS2 are likely to participate in the biosynthesis of sorgoleone in planta. The sequences of ARS1 and ARS2 were also used to identify several rice genes encoding ARSs, which are likely involved in the production of defense-related alkylresorcinols.
