67399-92-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Cooperative hydrolysis of aryl esters on functionalized membrane surfaces and in micellar solutions
Poznik,Koenig
, p. 3175 - 3180 (2014)
Catalytic hydrolysis of peptides, proteins, phosphates or carboxylate esters in nature is catalysed by enzymes, which are efficient, fast and selective. Most of the hydrolytic chemical catalysts published so far mimic the active site of enzymes and contain metal complexes and amino acid residues. Their synthesis can be laborious, while the hydrolytic activity is still limited compared to enzymes. We present an approach that uses fluid membranes of vesicles and micelles as a support for amphiphilic additives, which cooperatively cleave aryl ester bonds. The membrane anchored bis-Zn(ii)-complex 1 is hydrolytically active and hydrolyses fluorescein diacetate (FDA) with a second order rate constant (k2) of 0.9 M-1 s-1. The hydrolytic activity is modulated by co-embedded membrane additives, bearing common amino acid side chain functional groups. With this approach, the hydrolytic activity of the system is enhanced up to 16 fold in comparison with cyclen 1 (k2 = 14.7 M-1 s-1). DOPC and DSPC lipids form at room temperature fluid or gel phase membranes, respectively. Omitting the lipid, micellar solutions were obtained with hydrolytic activity reaching k2 = 13.4 M-1 s-1. It is shown that cooperative hydrolysis is favoured in fluid membranes and micelles, allowing the active moieties to arrange freely. The embedding and dynamic self-assembly of membrane active components in fluid membranes and micelles provide facile access to hydrolytically active soft interfaces.
Helical Nano-crystallite (HNC) Phases: Chirality Synchronization of Achiral Bent-Core Mesogens in a New Type of Dark Conglomerates
Alaasar, Mohamed,Prehm, Marko,Tschierske, Carsten
supporting information, p. 6583 - 6597 (2016/05/09)
Spontaneous generation of macroscopic homochirality in soft matter systems by self-assembly of exclusively achiral molecules under achiral conditions is a challenging task with relevance for fundamental scientific research and technological applications.
Synthesis and liquid crystal property of new fluoro coumarin carboxylates
Mahadevan, Kittappa M.,Harishkumar, Hosanagara N.,Masagalli, Jagadeesh N.,Srinivasa, Hosapalya T.
, p. 20 - 35 (2013/08/24)
New liquid crystalline 4-alkoxyphenyl-coumarin-3-carboxylates 6a-e, 7a-g, 8a-e, and 9a-e were prepared by reacting various coumarin-3-carboxylic acids 5a-d with 4-(alkoxy) phenols 4a-g in the presence of 1(3-dimethylaminopropyl-3- ethylcarbodiimide/dimethyl amino pyridine (EDCI/DMAP) as a coupling agent. The structures of the new coumarin derivatives were confirmed by spectral analysis and the liquid crystalline property was established by polarizing optical microscope and by differential scanning calorimetric techniques. The diethyl amine and morpholine were taken as electron-donating and -CF3 as electron-withdrawing groups at the seventh position of the coumarin-3-carboxylic acids to check the mesomorphic property in all new 4-alkoxyphenyl-coumarin-3- carboxylates. Among them, only 4-alkoxyphenyl-7-triflouromethyl-coumarin-3- carboxylates 7a-g exhibited liquid crystalline SmA phase.
Reentrant SmCPA phases: Unusual polymorphism variant SmA-SmCSPA-Colob-SmCSPA observed in new bent-core mesogens
Shreenivasa Murthy,Bodyagin,Diele,Baumeister,Pelzl,Weissflog
, p. 1634 - 1643 (2007/10/03)
A new homologous series of achiral five-ring bent-core mesogens is presented. The mesophase behaviour has been studied by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and electro-optical measurements. The homologues with shorter terminal chains (C8, C 12) form an SmCPA phase, homologues with longer chains (C14, C16, C18) show liquid-crystalline tetramorphism with a sequence SmA-SmCSPA-Col ob-SmCSPA. The SmCPA phases are structurally identical and differ only in the mechanism of polar switching. The switching of the high-temperature SmCSPA phase takes place through the collective rotation of the molecules around their long axes whereas in the reentrant SmCSPA phase the switching is based on the director rotation around the tilt cone. By the application of an electric field the Colob phase can be irreversibly transformed to an SmCP A phase. In a limited temperature range the SmA phase shows a reversible field-induced transition into the SmCSPF phase. The electro-optical response of the mesophases is discussed on the basis of the structural features of these phases. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.
Tilt Angle Variation as a Function of Chain Length and Temperature in the Smectic C Phases of p,Alkoxyphenyl-p,Alkoxybenzoates
Heinrich, B.,Guillon, D.
, p. 21 - 44 (2007/10/02)
The variation of the tilt angle with temperature in the smectic C phase has generally been shown to be non-existent or very slow for compounds or mixtures with the nematic-smectic C transition, while in the case of systems with the smectic A-smectic C transition, a relation between the steepness of this variation, near the transition, and the width of the smectic A domain has been observed.In this work, the variation of tilt angle in the smectic C phase is described for p-alkoxyphenyl-p-alkoxybenzoate homologous series, for which the evolution of polymorphism can be controlled systematically, by varying stepwise the length of the aliphatic chains, and for which large domains can be obtained for each type of phase sequence, nematic-, smectic A- and isotropic-smectic C.After completing the discussion made previously on the incidence of chain length on polymorphism, we confirm that the variation of tilt angle with temperature is slowest for compounds with intermediate chain lengths corresponding to the largest smectic A temperature range; this variation becomes continuously steeper when the smectic A domain becomes narrow.In addition, we show that the same description can be extended to the other types of phase sequences, by using the hypothesis of a virtual smectic A-smectic C transition above the observed nematic- or isotropic-smectic C transition.In fact, short chain lengths for homologues with a nematic/smectic C transition, or long chain lengths for homologues with an isotropic/smectic C transition, lead to an increase of the tilt angle at the phase transition and to a decrease of the amplitude of its variation with temperature; in our description, this behaviour corresponds to an increase of the temperature range between the real and virtual transitions.As a consequence, the homologues with very short and very long chain lengths show a quasi temperature-independent tilt angle, while the other homologues present a tilt angle variation similar to that observed for compounds exhibiting a smectic C/smectic A transition.This feature indicates that there is no need to distinguish between different types of smectic C phase.
