67916-76-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
The cooperative effect of Lewis pairs in the Friedel-Crafts hydroxyalkylation reaction: A simple and effective route for the synthesis of (±)-carbinoxamine
Harikrishnan, Adhikesavan,Sanjeevi, Jayakumar,Ramanathan, Chinnasamy Ramaraj
, p. 3633 - 3647 (2015/03/30)
An efficient C-C bond formation strategy between aromatic/heteroaromatic π-nucleophiles and Lewis acid activated aldehydes is described. This aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction of arenes or heteroarenes is facilitated by Lewis acid AlBr3. Aromatic rings with electron donating substituents are excellent nucleophilic counterparts in this reaction, generating carbinols in excellent yields (61-94%). The formation of triarylmethanes is also witnessed in the case of certain reactive aldehydes and aromatic π-nucleophiles through reactive carbocation formation. The formation of triarylmethane is reduced to a greater extent via retardation of the second π-nucleophile addition through a Lewis base, for example, pyridine, coordination with an aluminium alkoxide intermediate. Various aliphatic aldehydes also underwent Friedel-Crafts type hydroxyalkylation and generated the expected carbinols in moderate yields (41-53%) in the presence of AlBr3. This protocol has been successfully applied to the synthesize of the (±)-carbinoxamine, a therapeutically important histamine H1 antagonist, in a one-pot manner.
Lewis acid promoted benzylic cross-couplings of pyridines with aryl bromides
Duez, Stephanie,Steib, Andreas K.,Manolikakes, Sophia M.,Knochel, Paul
supporting information; experimental part, p. 7686 - 7690 (2011/10/17)
Either ZnCl2, Sc(OTf)3, or BF3OEt 2 can promote the palladium-catalyzed arylation of methylpyridines and related heterocycles (see example). The complexation of the Lewis acid to the nitrogen atom in the heteroc
Synthesis, Calcium-Channel-Blocking Activity, and Antihypertensive Activity of 4-(Diarylmethyl)-1-piperidines and Structurally Related
Shanklin, James R.,Johnson, Christopher P.,Proakis, Anthony G.,Barrett, Richard J.
, p. 3011 - 3022 (2007/10/02)
A series of 4-(diarylmethyl)-1-piperidines and structurally related compounds were synthesized as calcium-channel blockers and antihypertensive agents.Compounds were evaluated for calcium-channel-blocking activity by determineng their ability to antagonize calcium-induced contractions of isolated rabbit aortic strips.The most potent compounds were those with fluoro substituents in the 3- and/or 4-positions of both rings of the diphenylmethyl group.Bis(4-fluorophenyl)acetonitrile analogue 79 was similar in potency to bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl compound 1.The methylene analogue of 1 (78) and derivatives of 1 that contained a hydroxyl (76), carbamoyl (80), amino (81), or acetamido (82) substituent on the methyl group were less potent.In most cases substituents on the phenoxy ring, changes in the distance between the aryloxy group and the piperidine nitrogen, and the substitution of S, N(CH3), or CH2 for the oxygen atom of the aryloxy group had only a small to moderate effect on the potency.The best compounds in this series were more potent than verapamil, diltiazem, flunarizine, and lidoflazine, but were less potent than nifedipine.Compounds were evaluated for antihypertensive activity in spontaneusly hypertensive rats (SHR) at an oral dose of 30 mg/kg.Of the 55 compounds tested, only nine produced a statistically significant (p-1-piperidinyl>propoxy>-3-methoxyphenyl>ethanone (63), which produced a 35percent reduction in blood pressure and was similar in activity to nifedipine.At lower doses, however, 4--1-piperidine (93) was one of the most effective antihypertensive agents, producing reductions in blood pressure of 17 and 11percent at oral doses of 10 and 3 mg/kg, respectively; 63 was inactive at 10 mg/kg.
Arylalkylheterocyclic amines,N-substituted by aryloxyalkyl group in a method for allergy treatment
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, (2008/06/13)
A method of inhibiting Type 1 allergic responses in a living animal body with substituted heterocyclic amines is disclosed wherein the active agents are expressed generally by the formula which includes certain known and certain known compounds: STR1 wherein P is zero, one or two; m is one to six inclusive; A is selected from hydrogen, hydroxy or cyano; d is zero or one; Q is --CH--, CH2 -- or STR2 n is zero or one and when Q is --CH-- and n is one, a double bond is formed with one of the adjacent carbons but not both at the same time, and when n and d are zero at the same time, a double bond is formed between the α carbon and a carbon of the central heterocyclic amine ring; Ar, D and R are selected from phenyl, substituted phenyl, pyridinyl, thienyl, furanyl or naphthyl and in addition, R may have the values benzyl, substituted benzyl, cycloalkyl or loweralkyl and D may additionally have the values: 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one,4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid loweralkyl ester, 2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, 1,4-benzodioxanloweralkyl-2-yl or 1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
