68007-08-9

Usage

Uses

Used in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) Industry:
Imidazole Hydroiodide is used as an electrolyte material for enhancing the performance and efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells. It plays a crucial role in the conversion of light energy into electrical energy by facilitating the flow of electrons between the photoanode and the cathode. The use of Imidazole Hydroiodide in DSSCs contributes to their overall stability, durability, and power conversion efficiency, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar cells.

Upstream product

• 288-32-4 1H-imidazole 
• 10034-85-2 hydrogen iodide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Improving performance of perovskites solar cells using solvent engineering, via Lewis adduct of MAI-DMSO-PbI2 and incorporation of imidazolium cation

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a great promise to solve the problem of energy demand. However, one of the most important factors to obtain higher yields of high efficiency photovoltaic devices is to produce high quality methyl ammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) films. In this work, strategies such as solvent engineering, Lewis adduction formation and the incorporation of Imidazolium cation (Im+) were implemented to improve the microstructural quality of the films. The mixed MA99ImI1 film displayed a more homogeneous microstructure compared to the original MAPbI3 film, as well as an improved power conversion efficiency, with a value of 17%.

Synthesis, crystal structure and phase transitions of a series of imidazolium iodides

The reaction of imidazole with hydroiodic acid leads to three products crystallizing as ionic salts; [C3N2H5 +][I-], [C3N2H5 +]2[I42-] and [C3N 2H3I2+][I-]. All the analogs were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, while the first two were additionally studied by calorimetric, dilatometric, dielectric and proton magnetic resonance methods. At room temperature (RT), [C 3N2H5+][I-] adopts the centrosymmetric, trigonal space group (R3). The crystal structure consists of disordered imidazolium cations and discrete I- ions. [C 3N2H5+][I-] undergoes two discontinuous phase transitions (PTs) at 180/185 K and 113/123 K (cooling-heating), both of them governed by the imidazolium cation dynamics. [C3N2H5+]2[I 42-] consists of disordered imidazolium cations and quite rare and exotic [I4]2- tetraiodide counterion. It undergoes continuous PT at 204 K of the ferroelastic type with a symmetry change from orthorhombic Fddd to monoclinic C2/c. The mechanism of PT is complex and consists of 'order-disorder' and 'displacive' contributions that are assigned to the dynamics of cations and to the distortion of the [I4 2-] rods, respectively. [C3N2H 3I2+][I-] is built up of discrete 4,5-diiodoimidazolium cations and isolated I- ions. A characteristic feature of this compound is the presence of a layered structure in which moieties are held together by strong I...I halogen interactions and N-H...I hydrogen bonds.

CYCLIC CARBAMATE ANALOGUES OF (+)-PILOCARPINE

Pilocarpine analogues are provided having the structure STR1 where one of R 1 or R 2 is an alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and so forth, and the corresponding secondary alkyl groups, an aralkyl, such as benzyl, phenylethyl, phenylpropyl, and the corresponding secondary aralkyl residues, or a cycloalkyl having less than about 12 carbon atoms. R 3 has at least two carbon atoms but less than about 9. These pilocarpine analogues have improved duration of biological activity with respect to pilocarpine. A particularly preferred compound is a muscarinic agonist equipotent with pilocarpine, where R 2 is methyl, and R 3 is ethyl.