6832-98-0

Usage

Uses

Used in Skincare and Cosmetic Products:
Palmitanilide is used as an ingredient in moisturizers and lotions for its emollient and protective properties, helping to improve skin hydration and shield the skin from environmental stressors.
Used in Industrial Processes:
Palmitanilide is used as an anti-foaming agent, playing a crucial role in the smooth operation of various industrial processes by reducing foam formation.
Used in Lubricant Production:
It is utilized in the production of lubricants, where its properties contribute to the performance and efficiency of the lubricants.
Used in Pharmaceutical Formulation:
Palmitanilide is also found in the formulation of certain pharmaceutical products, where it may enhance the delivery or effectiveness of the medication.
However, it is important to note that there are concerns regarding the safety and potential irritant effects of palmitanilide on the skin. Therefore, individuals with sensitivities or allergies should consider these factors before using products containing palmitanilide.

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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis, characterization and mixed micellization study of benzene sulphonate based gemini surfactant with sodium dodecyl sulphate

Herein, we have shown the mixed micelle formation between anionic benzene sulphonate (viz., sodium 4,4′-(16,25-dioxo-15,17,24,26-tetraaza-hexatriacontane15,26-diyl)dibenzenesulphonate [BSC14-C6-14CSB]and sodium 4,4′-(18,27-dioxo-17,19,26,28-tetraaza-tetracontane15,26-diyl)dibenzenesulphonate [BSC16-C6-16CSB])with conventional anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate [SDS])by conductivity and fluorometry methods. The conductivity measurements were done over a range of mole fractions of SDS at different temperatures to study the mixed micellization and thermodynamic parameters, while fluorescence measurements were performed over entire range of mole fraction of SDS in order to observe the aggregation and micro-polarity. The conductometric study confirms the synergism in all mole fractions of SDS with [BSC14-C6-14CSB]and [BSC16-C6-16CSB]at all temperatures. The Rubinghs regular solution theory (RST)was employed to evaluate micellar mole fraction, X1, ideal micellar mole fraction, Xideal, interaction parameter (β), activity coefficients (f1, and f2)for both mixed micelles systems and Gibbs excess free energy (GE). The GE values are negative for entire mole fraction range suggesting the formation of stable mixed micelles. In addition to this, other thermodynamic parameters like Gibbs free energy change of micellization (ΔGmic), enthalpy change of micellization (ΔHmic)and entropy change of micellization (ΔSmic)were evaluated. Also, the aggregation number (Nagg)in micelles was calculated using pyrene probe fluorescence measurement. The binding constant, dielectric constant and micropolarity of mixed systems of SDS + [BSC14-C6-14CSB]and SDS + [BSC16-C6-16CSB]binary mixtures were obtained from the ratio of peak strength (I1/I3)from the pyrene probe fluorescence emission spectra.

Chelating Bis(1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene) Rhodium Complexes: Versatile Catalysts for Hydrosilylation Reactions

NHC-rhodium complexes (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbenes) have been widely used as efficient catalysts for hydrosilylation reactions. However, the substrates were mostly limited to reactive carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) or carbon-carbon multiple bonds. Here, we describe the application of newly-developed chelating bis(tzNHC)-rhodium complexes (tz=1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene) for several reductive transformations. With these catalysts, the formal reductive methylation of amines using carbon dioxide, the hydrosilylation of amides and carboxylic acids, and the reductive alkylation of amines using carboxylic acids have been achieved under mild reaction conditions.

A METHOD OF TREATING PERIPHERAL INFLAMMATORY DISEASE

An active for use in the treatment or inhibition of an inflammatory disease associated with over-activation of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2) and Myeloid differentiating protein 88 (Myd88) adaptor-like protein (Mal) while maintaining a subject's ability to respond normally to a pathogen, in which the active is an oleamide or a derivative thereof.

Amidation of Carboxylic Acids with Amines by Nb2O5 as a Reusable Lewis Acid Catalyst

Among 28 types of heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts tested, Nb2O5 shows the highest yield for direct amidation of n-dodecanoic acid with a less reactive amine (aniline). The catalytic amidation by Nb2O5 is applicable to a wide range of carboxylic acids and amines with various functional groups, and the catalyst is reusable. A comparison of the results of the catalytic study and an infrared study of the acetic acid adsorbed on the catalyst suggests that activation of the carbonyl group of the carboxylic acid by Lewis acid sites on Nb2O5 is responsible for the high activity of the Nb2O5 catalyst. Kinetic studies show that Lewis acid sites on Nb2O5 are more water-tolerant than conventional Lewis acidic oxides (Al2O3, TiO2). In comparison with the state-of-the-art homogeneous Lewis acid catalyst for amidation (ZrCl4), Nb2O5 undergoes fewer negative effects from basic additives in the solution, which indicates that Nb2O5 is a more base-tolerant Lewis acid catalyst than the homogeneous Lewis acid catalyst.

Mesoporous silica MCM-41 as a highly active, recoverable and reusable catalyst for direct amidation of fatty acids and long-chain amines

Direct amidation of fatty acids with long-chain amines was successfully performed by mesoporous silica MCM-41, which showed the highest catalytic activity among other used homo- and heterogeneous catalysts. It was found that MCM-41 can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture followed by simple calcination treatment and reused without loss of its catalytic activity. The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Total synthesis of monocyclic pyrimidinium betaines with fatty alkyl chains

Seven betaines were prepared by condensation of N,N'-diphenylamidines with malonic acid derivatives. The amidines were made via a multistep synthesis, starting from their corresponding fatty acids. Malonyl chloride and dipentachlorophenyl phenylmalonate, two derivatives of malonic acid, were obtained from malonic acid and benzyl chloride, respectively. Most of the products were characterized by IR, UV, 1H and 13C NMR. Biological assays of the synthesized betaines revealed their good antibacterial and antifungal activities against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Mucor ramannianus and an activity against Candida albicans.

Modifications of the ethanolamine head in N-palmitoylethanolamine: Synthesis and evaluation of new agents interfering with the metabolism of anandamide

The endogenous fatty acid amide anandamide (AEA) has, as a result of its actions on cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors, a number of important pharmacological properties including effects on nociception, memory processes, spasticity, and cell proliferation. Inhibition of the metabolism of AEA, catalyzed by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), potentiates the actions of AEA in vivo and therefore may be a useful target for drug development. In the present study, we have investigated whether substitution of the headgroup of the endogenous alternative FAAH substrate palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) can result in the identification of novel compounds preventing AEA metabolism. Thirty-seven derivatives of PEA were synthesized, with the C16 long chain of palmitic acid kept intact, and comprising 20 alkylated, 12 aromatic, and 4 halogenated amides. The ability of the PEA derivatives to inhibit FAAH-catalyzed hydrolysis of [3H]AEA was investigated using rat brain homogenates as a source of FAAH. Inhibition curves were analyzed to determine the potency of the inhibitable fraction (PI50 values) and the maximal attained inhibition for the compound, given that solubility in an aqueous environment is a major issue for these compounds. In the alkylamide family, palmitoylethylamide and palmitoylallylamide were inhibitors of AEA metabolism with PI50 values of 5.45 and 5.47, respectively. Halogenated derivatives (Cl and Br) exhibit pI50 values of ～5.5 but rather low percentages of maximal inhibition. The -OH group of the ethyl head chain of N-palmitoylethanolamine was not necessary for interaction with FAAH. Amides containing aromatic moieties were less potent inhibitors of AEA metabolism. Compounds containing amide and ester bonds, 13 and 37, showed pI50 values of 4.99 and 5.08, respectively. None of the compounds showed obvious affinity for CB1 or CB2 receptors expressed on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. It is concluded that although none of the compounds were dramatically more potent than PEA itself at reducing the metabolism of AEA, the lack of effect of the compounds at CB1 and CB2 receptors makes them useful templates for development of possible therapeutic FAAH inhibitors.

Zinc mediated facile amide formation : Application to alkyl, aryl, heterocycle, carbohydrate and amino acids

Synthesis of alkyl, aryl, heterocyclic, carbohydrate and amino acid amides using activated zinc is described. The recovery and reuse of the zinc makes the procedure more economic.

N-Cyanazoles in Synthesis of Amides of Carboxylic Acids

The reaction of carboxylic acids with 1-cyanimidazole, 1-cyanobenzimidazole, and 1-cyano-1,2,4-triazole leads to the formation of 1-acylazoles used in situ in synthesis of anilides of the corresponding carboxylic acids.

A Novel Technique for the Preparation of Secondary Fatty Amides. III. Alkanolamides, Diamides and Aralkylamides

A low-temperature synthesis of fatty alkanolamides, fatty diamides and fatty aralkylamides directly from triglycerides and primary amines provides essentially quantitative yields of the various products.The reactions run to completion in 3-12 h at temperatures of 50-60 deg C, approximately 100 deg C lower than employed in present conventional practice.The amines are used in excess and serve as solvent, reagent and, perhaps, as catalyst.The amides were characterized by melting point and spectroscopic (infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance) methods.If the mixed amides produced from the various natural triglyceride mixtures of fats and oils are acceptable products, this synthetic method provides these products in satisfactory quality while conserving energy and avoiding the intermediate production of free fatty acids or their esters. KEY WORDS: Alkanolamides, amidation, aralkylamides, diamides, methyl tallowate, palmitic acid, tallow, tripalmitin.