68474-35-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
PdCl2(1-methylimidazole) 2-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura and Mizoroki-Heck reactions performed in neat water
Li, Yao,Lin, Xiao-Fang,Liu, Meng-Yuan,Zhang, Lu-Lu,Jin, Ai-Ping,Lu, Jian-Mei
, p. 294 - 297 (2013)
PdCl2(1-methylimidazole)2 was an effective catalyst in neat water for the Suzuki-Miyaura and Mizoroki-Heck reactions of aryl bromides and iodides with, respectively, arylboronic acids and acrylic acid. Under optimal conditions, the products, variously substituted biphenyls and monosubstituted trans-cinnamic acids, respectively, were formed in good to almost quantitative yields.
Structure, dynamics and catalytic activity of palladium(II) complexes with imidazole ligands
Szulmanowicz,Zawartka,Gniewek,Trzeciak
, p. 4346 - 4354 (2011/03/17)
Several palladium complexes of the type [Pd(im)2Cl2], [Pd(im)3Cl]Cl, and [Pd(im)4]Cl2 (im = imidazole 1, 1-methylimidazole 2, 1,2-dimethylimidazole 3, 1-butylimidazole 4, 4a, 1-phenylimidazole 6, 1-phenylimidazoline 7, and 1-methylimidazoline 8) were prepared and structurally characterized. The square planar structure of two new complexes with the composition [Pd(im)4]Cl2 (2b, 4b) was confirmed by X-ray analysis. In solution, exchange of imidazole ligands leading to heteroleptic products was evidenced by ESI-MS studies. Two bis-ligated complexes, bearing 1-methylimidazole (2a) and 1-propoxymethylimidazole (5) ligands, were obtained in the reaction of palladium with imidazoles formed by deprotection of one nitrogen atom in the respective imidazolium halides. Catalytic Suzuki-Miyaura reactions were carried out using the obtained palladium complexes in isopropanol-water solution. High yields of the cross-coupling products were obtained at 40 and 60 °C when 2-bromotoluene, 4-bromotoluene, and 4-bromoanizole were used as substrates.
Selective catalytic hydrodimerization of 1,3-butadiene by palladium compounds dissolved in ionic liquids
Dullius, Jeane E. L.,Suarez, Paulo A. Z.,Einloft, Sandra,De Souza, Roberto F.,Dupont, Jairton,Fischer, Jean,De Cian, André
, p. 815 - 819 (2008/10/08)
Palladium(II) compounds dissolved in 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMI·BF4) ionic liquid are shown to be able to catalyze the hydrodimerization of 1,3-butadiene. In most of the cases, only the 1,3-butadiene dimer 1,3,6-octatriene and the telomer octa-2,7-dien-1-ol have been obtained. The products' selectivity and catalytic activity depend on the reaction conditions. 1,3-Butadiene conversion up to 28%, a turnover frequency (TOF) of 118 h-1, and a selectivity of 94% on telomer were achieved with (BMI)2PdCl4 dissolved in BMI·BF4. The 1,3-butadiene conversion and TOF were significantly increased to 49% and 204 h-1, respectively, by a 5-atm pressure of carbon dioxide. The reactions were performed under homogeneous conditions at 70 °C. However at temperatures below 5 °C, a two-phase system is formed and the products are easily removed from the reaction mixture by simple decanting. The recovered ionic catalyst solution can be reused several times without any significant changes in the catalytic performance. The structure of the new catalyst precursor (BMI)2PdCl4 has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.
