690993-72-7

Upstream product

• 690993-63-6 1-methoxycarbonylmethyl-1-aza-benzo-15-crown-5-ether 
• 121-57-3 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid 
• 36080-56-5 3,5,6,8,9,11,12,13-octahydro-2H-benzo[k][1,4,7,10,13]tetraoxaazacyclopentadecine 
• 37860-51-8 tetraethylene glycol di(p-toluenesulfonate) 
• 95-55-6 2-amino-phenol 
• 305-80-6 4-diazobenzenesulfonic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

CROWN ETHER DERIVATIVES

The invention describes crown ether chelators, including crown ethers having the formula (A) or (B); and aza-substituted and thia-substituted analogs thereof. These crown ethers may be substituted by a dye moiety, a chemically reactive group, a conjugated substance, or a combination thereof. Chelators that are substituted by fluorescent dyes are particularly useful as indicators for metal cations, particularly Na and K ions, and particularly where binding of the target ion results in a change in the fluorescence properties of the indicator that can be correlated with the ion concentration. Methods are provided for utilizing reactive groups on the chelators for conjugation to dyes, lipids and polymers and methods for enhancing entry of the indicators into living cells.

Fluorescent metal ion indicators based on benzoannelated crown systems: A green fluorescent indicator for intracellular sodium ions

The synthesis and metal binding properties of cation-sensitive fluorescent indicators intended for biological applications are described. The increase of the crown ether ring size enhances the affinity for larger cations, but weakens the fluorescent response and selectivity. A compound having a 15-crown-5 chelator directly attached to a 2,7-difluoroxanthenone fluorophore loads into live cells and responds to sodium ion concentration changes with large fluorescence increases in the visible wavelength range.