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Upstream product

• 87-91-2 diethyl (2R,3R)-tartrate 
• 120-92-3 cyclopentanone 
• 5763-53-1 1,1-bis-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentane 
• 75-75-2 methanesulfonic acid 
• 408332-88-7 Diethyl tartrate 
• 13811-71-7 diethyl (2S,3S)-tartrate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

COPOLYMERS OF FORMULA (I) AND USES

Disclosed is a copolymer of following formula (I): in which:—x is an integer between 10 and 250, preferably between 40 and 120, —y is an integer between 4 and 100, preferably between 10 and 100, preferably between 19 and 60, —z is an integer between 0 and

Development of diacyltetrol lipids as activators for the C1 domain of protein kinase C

The protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases is an attractive drug target for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Diacylglycerol (DAG), phorbol esters and others act as ligands for the C1 domain of PKC isoforms. Inspection of the crystal structure of the PKCδ C1b subdomain in complex with phorbol-13-O-acetate shows that one carbonyl group and two hydroxyl groups play pivotal roles in recognition of the C1 domain. To understand the importance of two hydroxyl groups of phorbol esters in PKC binding and to develop effective PKC activators, we synthesized DAG like diacyltetrols (DATs) and studied binding affinities with C1b subdomains of PKCδ and PKC. DATs, with the stereochemistry of natural DAGs at the sn-2 position, were synthesized from (+)-diethyl l-tartrate in four to seven steps as single isomers. The calculated EC50 values for the short and long chain DATs varied in the range of 3-6 μM. Furthermore, the fluorescence anisotropy values of the proteins were increased in the presence of DATs in a similar manner to that of DAGs. Molecular docking of DATs (1b-4b) with PKCδ C1b showed that the DATs form hydrogen bonds with the polar residues and backbone of the protein, at the same binding site, as that of DAG and phorbol esters. Our findings reveal that DATs represent an attractive group of C1 domain ligands that can be used as research tools or further structurally modified for potential drug development.

Synthesis and spectroscopic correlation of the diastereoisomers of 2,3-dihydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyldeca-(4Z,6E)-dienoic acid: implications for the structures of papuamides A-D and mirabamides A-D

All 4 diastereomeric possibilities for the 2,3-dihydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyldeca-(4Z,6E)-dienoic acid (Dhtda) residue, found in the cyclic depsipeptide natural products papuamides A-D and mirabamides A-D, were stereoselectively synthesized using a Z-selective

Synthesis of hybrid lipid probes: Derivatives of phosphatidylethanolamine-extended phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (Pea-PIP2)

The total asymmetric synthesis of a novel hybrid lipid possessing a 2,3-diacylthreitol backbone, rather than a 1,2-diacylglycerol backbone, is described. The title compound, Pea-PIP2, possesses a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroup at the 1-position and a phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) headgroup at the 4-position. Reporters (biotin, fluorophores, spin label) were covalently attached to the free amino group of the PE, such that these reporters were targeted to the lipid-water interface. The diacyl moieties allow incorporation of Pea-PIP2 into a lipid bilayer, while the PtdIns(4,5)P2 moiety in the aqueous layer was specifically recognized by PtdIns(4,5)P2-specific binding proteins.

Platinum(II) complex and processes for preparing the same

Disclosed herein are novel platinum(II) complexes having a potent anti-tumor activity which are represented by the formula (1), STR1 wherein R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, are a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group, respectively, or jointly form a cycloalkane group together with the carbon atom attached thereto; two Xs jointly form a group represented by formula (a) or (b) wherein, R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R4 and R5, which may be the same or different, are a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group, respectively, or jointly form a cyclobutane together with the carbon thereto; and the absolute configurations at the respective chiral centers in the 4,5-bis(aminomethyl)-1,3-dioxolane moiety are (4R,5R) or (4S,5S); processes for the preparing the same; and their use for treating animal or human cancer. Further, disclosed herein are novel intermediates useful for the preparation of the platinum(II) complexes and processes for preparing said intermediates.

Enantioselective complexation of organic ammonium ions by simple tetracyclic podand ionophores

A series of enantiomerically pure, C2-symmetric tetracyclic podands are synthesized and studied. These host molecules have methyl substitution, which allows only a few low-energy conformations, and they form well-defined complexes with chiral a

Enantioselective Comlexation with a Conformationally Homogeneous C2 Podand Ionophore

The podand tetraether 1b has been prepared from (+)-diethyl tartarate.This ionophore is expected to have only one significantly populated conformation.It binds a variety of chiral organic ammonium cations with enantioselectivities corresponding to 34-42pe