70303-28-5

Upstream product

• 825-76-3 α-cyclopropylstyrene 
• 24401-39-6 2-methyl-2-phenyl-pentenal 
• 117582-74-8 2-((E)-1-Methyl-but-1-enyl)-[1,3,2]dioxaborinane 
• 591-51-5 phenyllithium 
• 6228-47-3 n-propyltriphenylphosphonium bromide 
• 98-86-2 acetophenone 
• 97-94-9 triethyl borane 
• 5670-65-5 (E)-1-nitro-2-phenyl-1-propene 
• 97-93-8 triethylaluminum 
• 34713-70-7 2-Phenylpropanal 
• 29443-43-4 propionaldehyde hydrazone 
• 5676-32-4 α-n-propylstyrene 
• 495-40-9 propiophenone 
• 10340-49-5 4-phenyl-1-pentene 

Downstream Products

• 59231-18-4 (2R,3R)-2-Methyl-2-phenyl-3-vinyl-oxirane 
• 2719-52-0 2-phenylpentane 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Highly Stereoselective Positional Isomerization of Styrenes via Acid-Catalyzed Carbocation Mechanism

The first transition metal-free highly stereoselective positional isomerization of various α-alkyl styrenes through a carbocation mechanism triggered strategy is developed by using Al(OTf)3 as a hidden Br?nsted acid catalyst, which provides facile access to value-added acyclic tri- and tetra-substituted alkenes in good yields with high stereoselectivity under mild conditions. The practicality of this protocol is further highlighted by the gram-scale synthesis, high stereoselectivity, good functional group tolerance, and simple operation. Mechanistic studies support that Al(OTf)3 acts as a hidden Br?nsted acid catalyst and a carbocation intermediate is formed.

Iron-Catalyzed Tunable and Site-Selective Olefin Transposition

The catalytic isomerization of C-C double bonds is an indispensable chemical transformation used to deliver higher-value analogues and has important utility in the chemical industry. Notwithstanding the advances reported in this field, there is compelling demand for a general catalytic solution that enables precise control of the C═C bond migration position, in both cyclic and acyclic systems, to furnish disubstituted and trisubstituted alkenes. Here, we show that catalytic amounts of an appropriate earth-abundant iron-based complex, a base and a boryl compound, promote efficient and controllable alkene transposition. Mechanistic investigations reveal that these processes likely involve in situ formation of an iron-hydride species which promotes olefin isomerization through sequential olefin insertion/β-hydride elimination. Through this strategy, regiodivergent access to different products from one substrate can be facilitated, isomeric olefin mixtures commonly found in petroleum-derived feedstock can be transformed to a single alkene product, and unsaturated moieties embedded within linear and heterocyclic biologically active entities can be obtained.

Cobalt(II)-Catalyzed Stereoselective Olefin Isomerization: Facile Access to Acyclic Trisubstituted Alkenes

Stereoselective synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes is a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry, due to the small energy differences between E and Z isomers of trisubstituted alkenes (compared with 1,2-disubstituted alkenes). Transition metal-catalyzed isomerization of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes can serve as an alternative approach to trisubstituted alkenes, but it remains underdeveloped owing to issues relating to reaction efficiency and stereoselectivity. Here we show that a novel cobalt catalyst can overcome these challenges to provide an efficient and stereoselective access to a broad range of trisubstituted alkenes. This protocol is compatible with both mono- and dienes and exhibits a good functional group tolerance and scalability. Moreover, it has proven to be a useful tool to construct organic luminophores and a deuterated trisubstituted alkene. A preliminary study of the mechanism suggests that a cobalt-hydride pathway is involved in the reaction. The high stereoselectivity of the reaction is attributed to both a π-πstacking effect and the steric hindrance between substrate and catalyst.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Migrational Isomerization of Styrenes

An efficient cobalt-catalyzed migrational isomerization of styrenes was developed using the thiazoline iminopyridine (TIP) ligand. This reaction is operationally simple and atom-economical using readily available starting materials to access trisubstituted alkenes. Even when using a 0.1 mol % catalyst loading, the reaction could be conducted in neat and completed in 1 h with excellent conversion and high E stereoselectivity.

Direct Synthesis of Enones by Visible-Light-Promoted Oxygenation of Trisubstituted Olefins Using Molecular Oxygen

A one-step synthesis of enones from olefins is described. The reaction was performed under visible-light irradiation in the presence of molecular oxygen and a photocatalyst. The reaction proceeded with various types of trisubstituted olefins to give enones in good yields with high regioselectivity. In particular, oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups, heteroaromatic rings, and cyclopropanes were tolerated. Mechanistic studies and previous reports indicated that the active oxygen species generated in the reaction system is singlet oxygen.

Method for stereoselective synthesis of (E)-trisubstituted olefin

Belonging to the technical field of metal catalytic synthesis, the invention discloses a method for stereoselective synthesis of (E)-trisubstituted olefin. The method includes: taking 1, 1-disubstituted olefin as the raw material, and adopting a combination of CoX2 and PAO ligand as the catalyst; and in the presence of an activating reagent, carrying out reaction for 0.5min-48h at a temperature ranging from -30DEG C to 80DEG C to prepare (E)-trisubstituted olefin. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of more economical, efficient and environment-friendly catalyst, good tolerance of the reaction functional group, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, no need for participation of additional reagents, and atom economy of 100%. In addition, the reaction has no needof any other toxic transition metal (like ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, etc.) salt, therefore the method has great practical application value in pharmaceutical and food chemical industry.

Ruthenium(II)-catalyzed olefination: Via carbonyl reductive cross-coupling

Natural availability of carbonyl groups offers reductive carbonyl coupling tremendous synthetic potential for efficient olefin synthesis, yet the catalytic carbonyl cross-coupling remains largely elusive. We report herein such a reaction, mediated by hydrazine under ruthenium(ii) catalysis. This method enables facile and selective cross-couplings of two unsymmetrical carbonyl compounds in either an intermolecular or intramolecular fashion. Moreover, this chemistry accommodates a variety of substrates, proceeds under mild reaction conditions with good functional group tolerance, and generates stoichiometric benign byproducts. Importantly, the coexistence of KOtBu and bidentate phosphine dmpe is vital to this transformation.

Short synthesis of chiral 4-substituted (S)-imidazolinium salts bearing sulfonates and their use in γ-selective reactions of allylic halides with grignard reagents

A one-pot reaction of Boc-protected amino alcohols and 2-sulfobenzoic anhydride followed by the addition of a wide variety of primary amines has allowed rapid access to diverse libraries of amidosulfonates 1,2-C 6H4(SO3su

Free radical reactions to generate alkenes and/or ionic reactions to generate hydroximoyl chlorides when β-nitrostyrenes react with triethylaluminium or diethylaluminium chloride

β-Nitrostyrenes 1 react with triethylaluminium or diethylaluminium chloride in diethyl ether solution and under nitrogen or argon to generate the alkenes 2 and the hydroximoyl chlorides 3 after work-up with ice-cold, cone, hydrochloric acid. The formation of the alkenes 2 is proposed to be a free-radical reaction via NO2/alkyl substitution since the yields of the alkenes 2 are increased in the presence of benzoyl peroxide (Bz2O2) and decreased in the presence of galvinoxyl. Only the alkenes 2 are produced with a high stereoselectivity for the E isomers when β-nitrostyrenes react with triethylaluminium in the presence of one to two equivalents of Bz2O2 as free-radical initiator. The mechanism of the generation of the hydroximoyl chlorides 3 is proposed to proceed through a 1,4-addition pathway to produce nitronates A, then the protonated nitronates B or the nitroso cations C are trapped by chloride ion to form the final products. The yields of compounds 3 are also improved by the presence of Lewis acids such as MgCl2. Medium to high yields of the hydroximoyl chlorides 3 and traces or low yields of the alkenes 2 are generated when triethylaluminium or diethylaluminium chloride react with β-nitrostyrenes in the presence of three equivalents of MgCl2 under argon.

Free-Radical Reactions of Trialkylboranes with β-Nitrostyrenes to Generate Alkenes

β-Nitrostyrenes 1 react with trialkylboranes under a nitrogen atmosphere to generate high yields of alkenes 2. The mechanism is proposed to be a free-radical reaction via NO2/alkyl substitution since the reaction is stimulated by the presence of a trace of oxygen in the nitrogen or tert-butyl peroxide or by photolysis and is retarded or inhibited by the addition of galvinoxyl to the solution.