75776-77-1Relevant articles and documents
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: Spirapril and Related Compounds
Smith, Elizabeth M.,Swiss, Gerald F.,Neustadt, Bernard R.,McNamara, Paul,Gold, Elijah H.,et al.
, p. 1600 - 1606 (1989)
The synthesis of spirapril (5), spiraprilat (25), their RSS stereoisomers, and their glycyl (18b) and lysyl (36, 37) analogues is described.These compounds were evaluated in vivo for inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and selected compounds were evaluated for in vitro ACE inhibition (spirapril ID50 16 μg/kg; spiraprilat IC50 0.8 nM, ID50 8 μg/kg).In anesthetized rats, iv, esters 5 and 36 are more potent than enalapril, and diacids 25 and 37 are more potent than enalaprilat in vitro.In the conscious rats, orally, 5 and enalapril (2) showed potent and sustained activity at doses of 0.03-1 and 0.1-1 mg/kg, respectively.From this work, spirapril was selected for clinical evaluation as an antihypertensive agent.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Mercaptan, carboxyalkyl dipeptide, and phosphinic acid inhibitors incorporating 4-substituted prolines
Krapcho,Turk,Cushman,Powell,DeForrest,Spitzmiller,Karanewsky,Duggan,Rovnvak,Schwartz,Natarajan,Godfrey,Ryono,Neubeck,Atwa,Petrillo Jr.
, p. 1148 - 1160 (2007/10/02)
Analogues of captopril, enalaprilat, and the phosphinic acid [[hydroxy(4-phenylbutyl)phosphinyl]acetyl)-L-proline incorporating 4-substituted proline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro and in vivo. The 4-substituted prolines, incorporating alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, and arylthio substituents were prepared from derivatives of 4-hydroxy- and 4-ketoproline. In general, analogues of all three classes of inhibitors with hydrophobic substituents on proline were more potent in vitro than the corresponding unsubstituted proline compounds. 4-Substituted analogues of captopril showed greater potency and duration of action than the parent compound as inhibitors of the angiotensin I induced pressor response in normotensive rats. The S-benzoyl derivative of cis-4-(phenylthio)captopril, zofenopril, was found to be one of the most potent compounds of this class and is now being evaluated clinically as an antihypertensive agent. In the phosphinic acid series, the 4-ethylenethioketal and trans-4-cyclohexyl derivatives were found to be the most potent compounds in vitro and in vivo. A prodrug of the latter compound, fosinopril, is also being evaluated in clinical trials.
