76-43-7 Usage
Uses
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Fluoxymesterone is used as a pharmaceutical drug for the treatment of male hypogonadism, testicular failure, and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. It helps in the normal growth and development of male sex organs and the maintenance of secondary sex characteristics.
Used in Oncology:
Fluoxymesterone is used as an antitumor agent for the palliation of recurrent mammary cancer in female postmenopausal patients. It has shown antitumor effects on pregnancy-dependent mammary tumors TPDMT-4.
Used in Sports and Bodybuilding:
Fluoxymesterone is used as an anabolic steroid with androgenic activity in sports and bodybuilding. It helps in increasing muscle mass, strength, and performance. However, its use in sports is prohibited due to its potential side effects and health risks.
Originator
Halotestin, Upjohn, US,1957
Indications
Fluoxymesterone promotes growth and development of male reproductive organs, maintains secondary sex characteristics, increases protein anabolism, and decreases protein catabolism. It is used to treat symptoms of low testosterone in adult men who have hypogonadism (a condition in which the body does not produce enough natural testosterone). It is also used for palliation of androgen-responsive recurrent mammary cancer in women who are more than 1 year but less than 5 years postmenopausal (women).
Therapeutic Function
Androgen
Pharmacokinetics
By substituting a 9α-fluoro group onto an analog of 17α-methyltestosterone, fluoxymesterone has 20
times the anabolic and 10 times the androgenic activity of 17α-methyltestosterone. It
has a mean half-life of 9 hours, and less than 5% of the drug is excreted unchanged. An adverse
effect of fluoxymesterone is sodium and water retention that could lead to edema.
Side effects
Fluoxymesterone is used as an androgen hormonal supplement. An adverse effect of fluoxymesterone is sodium and water retention that could lead to edema. Side effects associated with this agent include closing of the epiphyseal closures, hypercalcemia, and edema. This product should not be given to boys who are in puberty because of its effect on the epiphyseal closures.
Safety Profile
Fluoxymesterone is contraindicated in male subjects with known or suspected carcinoma of the prostate gland. Prolonged use of high-dosage 17-alpha-alkyl androgens is known to have caused hypercalcemia, hepatic adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatitis. Fluoxymesterone, which accelerates bone maturation without producing linear growth, should be used cautiously in males with delayed puberty. Edema and CHF may occur in patients with preexisting cardiovascular problems. Androgens cause virilization in female subjects.
Synthesis
Fluoxymesterone, 9-fluoro-11β,17β-dihydroxy-17α-methylandrost-
4-en-3-one (29.3.8), is made from 11β-hydroxy-4-androsten-3,17-dione, which is reacted
with pyrrolidine to give a dieneamine (29.3.4). This undergoes a reaction with methylmagnesiumiodide, which after hydrolysis forms 11β,17β-dihydroxy-17α-methylandrost-
4-en-3-one (29.3.5). Dehydration of this compound by selective tosylation of the
secondary hydroxyl group at C11 using p-toluenesulfonyl chloride and subsequent reaction
with a base gives the diene (29.3.6), and the double bond at C9–C11 is transformed to an
epoxide (29.3.7) by subsequent reaction with N-bromoacetamide in a wet solvent (source
of HOBr), and a base. Further reaction with hydrogen fluoride results in an opening of the
epoxide ring and the formation of the desired fluoxymesterone (29.3.8).
Mode of action
Fluoxymesterone binds to androgen receptors, suppressing GnRH, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) through a negative feedback mechanism involving the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. It antagonizes the estrogenic effects in estrogendependent target cells.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 76-43-7 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 7 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 3 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 76-43:
(4*7)+(3*6)+(2*4)+(1*3)=57
57 % 10 = 7
So 76-43-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C20H29FO3/c1-17-8-6-13(22)10-12(17)4-5-15-14-7-9-19(3,24)18(14,2)11-16(23)20(15,17)21/h10,14-16,23-24H,4-9,11H2,1-3H3/t14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-/m0/s1
76-43-7Relevant articles and documents
THERAPEUTIC FOR HEPATIC CANCER
-
, (2011/02/18)
A novel pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing hepatocellular carcinoma and a method of treatment are provided. A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing liver cancer is obtained by combining a chemotherapeutic agent with an anti-glypican 3 antibody. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing liver cancer which comprises as an active ingredient an anti-glypican 3 antibody for use in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent, or which comprises as an active ingredient a chemotherapeutic agent for use in combination with an anti-glypican 3 antibody. Using the chemotherapeutic agent and the anti-glypican 3 antibody in combination yields better therapeutic effects than using the chemotherapeutic agent alone, and mitigates side effects that arise from liver cancer treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent.
Anti-Claudin 3 Monoclonal Antibody and Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer Using the Same
-
, (2010/05/13)
Monoclonal antibodies that bind specifically to Claudin 3 expressed on cell surface are provided. The antibodies of the present invention are useful for diagnosis of cancers that have enhanced expression of Claudin 3, such as ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, bladder cancer, and colon cancer. The present invention provides monoclonal antibodies showing cytotoxic effects against cells of these cancers. Methods for inducing cell injury in Claudin 3-expressing cells and methods for suppressing proliferation of Claudin 3-expressing cells by contacting Claudin 3-expressing cells with a Claudin 3-binding antibody are disclosed. The present application also discloses methods for diagnosis or treatment of cancers.
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