766-79-0Relevant articles and documents
Colloid and nanosized catalysts in organic synthesis: XII. Hydrogenation of carbonitriles catalyzed by nickel nanoparticles
Mokhov,Popov,Shcherbakova
, p. 273 - 280 (2016/04/20)
Hydrogenation of carbonitriles catalyzed by nickel nanoparticles in isopropanol proceeds under atmospheric pressure of hydrogen within 6-15 h to yield mainly secondary amines. Hydrogenation of α-aminonitriles results in reductive decyanation. β-Aminonitriles undergo hydrogenolysis at the nitrogen-carbon bond.
Kinetics and Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Displacements with Heterocycles as Leaving Groups. Part 22. Reactions with Various Nucleophiles and a Study of the Effects of Substrate Concentrations, Traces of Water, ands Nature of the Gegenion on the Rates
Katritzky, Alan R.,Schultz, Hanna,Lopez-Rodriguez, Maria L.,Musumarra, Giuseppe,Cirma, Giuseppe
, p. 73 - 78 (2007/10/02)
First- and second-order rate components for the nucleophilic displacements of a variety of N-(primary alkyl), N-(secondary alkyl), and N-benzyl substituents from mono-, bi-, and tri-cyclic pyridine leaving groups by various nucleophiles are independent of substrate concentration, of the nature of the gegenion, and of traces of water in the solvent.Thus assumptions implicit in the reasoning of earlier papers of this series are confirmed, and the conclusion that these nucleophilic displacements can proceed by five independent mechanistic pathways is strengthened.First-order rate components are invariant with the nature of the nuclephile.Second-order rate components vary with nucleophile nucleophilicity in a way that parallels Menschutkin reactions.Activation enthalpies for first-order components are less negative than those for second-order components, in agreement with previous data.
2- and 4-(α-Substituted Aryl)pyridines as Leaving Groups in SN2 Reactions and Radicaloid Nucleophilic Displacements.
Katritzky, Alan R.,Elisseou, E. Michael,Bashiardes, George,Patel, Ranjan C.
, p. 301 - 320 (2007/10/02)
Compared with 2,4,6-triphenylpyridine, 2,6-diphenyl-4-(o-substituted phenyl)pyridines as leaving groups in the radicaloid nucleophilic displacement reaction with 2-nitropropanide anion slow down C.T.C. formation. o-Substitution of the 2-phenyl group has little effect on this reaction.The latter modification however decreases SN2 rates of the corresponding pyridiniums with piperidine.