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Upstream product

• 67-56-1 methanol 
• 112-62-9 Methyl oleate 
• 122-32-7 trioleoylglycerol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Methoxylation of methyl oleate in the presence of dealuminated Y faujasites in their protonic form

Methoxylation of methyl oleate into methyl methoxy stearate was carried out in a batch reactor at temperatures ranging from 150 to 190°C in the presence of dealuminated H-Y faujasites as catalysts. In the presence of an excess of methanol, the H-Y faujasite with a Si/AI ratio of 15 was shown to achieve the title reaction with a yield of methyl methoxy stearate that does not exceed 40% because of the parallel formation, at comparable rates, of methyl oleate isomers identified as methyl elaidate, methyl frans-vaccenate, and methyl c/s-vaccenate. Iso-merization reactions were confirmed to occur rapidly in an independent manner. FFA are also present in small amounts owing to the in situ dehydration of methanol and subsequent hydrolysis of the esters. Finally, starting from pure oleic acid leads to results similar to those obtained with methyl oleate as the starting material. Copyright

Application of metal triflate catalysts for the trans-esterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil with methanol and higher alcohols

This paper describes an experimental study on the application of metal triflate salts for the (trans-) esterification of fatty esters (triolein, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate), fatty acid (oleic acid), as well as Jatropha curcas L. oil with methanol and higher alcohols (ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, iso-butanol, tert-butanol). The effect of the metal type (scandium, bismuth, aluminium, lanthanum, copper, zinc) and process conditions on reaction performance were evaluated. Highest conversions were obtained with Al(OTf) 3. Reaction of triolein with methanol gave 99 mol% conversion at 165 C for 1 h and the main product was the methyl ester. In addition, partial methoxylation of the carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chains was observed, though their fraction in the mixture was less than 20 mol%. The trans-esterification reaction was also successfully performed using higher alcohols, giving >95 % conversions for ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol and iso-butanol, whereas tert-butanol was not reactive. For the reaction of oleic acid with methanol, quantitative esterification, partial methoxylation of the carbon-carbon double bonds and the formation of small amounts of a lactone was observed. The methodology using Al(OTf)3 was successfully performed on the trans-esterification reaction of JO (FFA content of 2.1 wt%) with various alcohols. Key properties (viscosity, pour point and cloud points) of the (branched) Jatropha esters were determined. The best cold-flow properties were obtained for the iso-propyl esters of JO, with cloud point and pour point of -3 and -24 C, respectively.