7754-22-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Mechanisms of reaction of aminoxyl (nitroxide), iminoxyl, and imidoxyl radicals with alkenes and evidence that in the presence of lead tetraacetate, N-hydroxyphthalimide reacts with alkenes by both radical and nonradical mechanisms
Coseri, Sergiu,Mendenhall, G. David,Ingold
, p. 4629 - 4636 (2007/10/03)
1,2-Dideuterio-cyclohexene, 1,2-dideuterio-cyclooctene, and trans-3,4-dideuterio-hex-3-ene were reacted with three >NO. radicals: 4-hydroxyTempo, di-tert-butyliminoxyl, both used as the actual radicals, and phthalimide-N-oxyl (PINO) generated from N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) by its reaction with tert-alkoxyl radicals (t-RO.) and with lead tetraacetate. In all cases, except the NHPI/Pb(OAc)4 system, only mono >NO.-substituted alkenes were produced. The 2H NMR spectra imply that 88-92% of monoadducts were formed by the initial abstraction of an allylic H-atom, followed by capture of the allylic radical by a second >NO., while the remaining 12-8% appear to be formed by an initial addition of >NO. to the double bond followed by H-atom abstraction by a second >NO.. A substantial and sometimes the major product formed with the NHPI/Pb(OAc)4 system has two PINO moieties added across the double bond. Since such diadducts are not formed with the NHPI/t-RO. system, a heterolytic mechanism is proposed, analogous to that known for the Pb(OAc)4-induced acetoxylation of alkenes. A detailed analysis of the NHPI/Pb(OAc) 4/alkene products indicates that monosubstitution occurs by both homolytic and heterolytic processes.
Limitations on the Persistence of Iminoxyls: Isolation of tert-Butyl 1,1-Diethylpropyl Ketiminoxyl and Related Radicals
Eisenhauer, Brian M.,Wang, Minghui,Labaziewicz, Henryk,Ngo, Maria,Mendenhall, G. David
, p. 2050 - 2053 (2007/10/03)
A series of iminoxyl radicals of the general formula R(C=NO?)R1, with R and R1 usually tertiary, was synthesized in a search for radicals of increased persistence. Three new radicals were isolated as blue liquids: Et3C(C=NO?)Bu-t (1), t-C5H11(C=NO?)Bu-t (2), and (t-C5H11)2C=NO? (3). Oxidation of oximes Et3C(C=NOH)Ph (4H), PhCH2CMe2(C=NOH)Bu-t (5H), PhCMe2(C=NOH)Bu-t (6H), and Me2CH(C=NOH)C5H11-t (7H), among others, did not lead to isolable iminoxyls. A new, convenient synthesis of symmetrical tertiary imines from tert-RCl, tert-RCN, and Na is described. Radical t-Bu2C=NO? (8) and cyclohexene readily gave the allylic substitution product, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl- 3-hexanone O-(2′-cyclohexen-1′-yl)oxime.
