79388-47-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
CATALYTIC REDUCTIVE CLEAVAGE OF A β-Ο-4 BOND OF ETHERS OR POLYETHERS SUCH AS LIGNIN
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Page/Page column 5, (2014/03/26)
The present invention relates to a method of reducing a β-O-4 bond to the corresponding C-H bond in a substrate, by use of a hydrogen donor and a metal catalyst in a solvent. Thereby it is possible to depolymerize a polymer having a repeating β-O-4 bond.
INHIBITORS OF AKT ACTIVITY
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Page/Page column 63-64, (2008/06/13)
Invented are novel 1 H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl compounds, the use of such compounds as inhibitors of protein kinase B activity and in the treatment of cancer and arthritis.
Synthetic applications of glycidic thiolesters. Regioselective reduction to 1,3-diols and 2,3-epoxy alcohols
Liu, Hsing-Jang,Luo, Weide
, p. 128 - 134 (2007/10/02)
Glycidic thiolesters were shown to undergo regioselective reduction with Raney nickel to give 1,3-diols.With sodium borohydride at room temperature and lithium aluminum hydride at -78 deg C, the reduction of glycidic thiolesters was found to proceed chemo
Synthetically Useful β-Lithioalkoxides from Reductive Lithiation of Epoxides by Aromatic Radical Anions
Cohen, Theodore,Jeong, In-Howa,Mudryk, Boguslaw,Bhupathy, M.,Awad, Mohamed M. A.
, p. 1528 - 1536 (2007/10/02)
Epoxides are reductively cleaved by means of lithium 4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenylide.Ethylene oxide itself cleaves to lithium 2-lithioethoxide (15) in less than 5 min at -95 deg C.Epoxides possessing one unsubstituted carbon atom reduce in a matter of minutes at -78 deg C.When both carbon atoms are monosubstituted, at least 1 h is required.Epoxides with one or with two geminal saturated substituents open mainly between the oxygen atom and the least substituted carbon atom.Ring opening in the other direction leads to an unstable β-lithioalkoxide which very rapidly forms an olefin.Acyclic 1,2-disubstituted epoxides yield only olefins.Cyclooctene oxide produces, after protonation, a 3:7 ratio of cyclooctanol and cyclooctene.Cyclohexene oxide gives a 3:1 ratio of cyclohexanol and cyclohexene.Vinyloxiranes, on the other hand, open at the most substituted C-O bond to produce an allylic anion associated with an alkoxide.The carbanionic centers of the resulting dianions add to the carbonyl groups of aldehydes and ketones; however, when a hydrogen atom is present on the carbon atom which is attached to both negatively charged atoms, some reduction of the carbonyl group competes with the nucleophilic addition.The allylic anions derived from vinyloxiranes, after treatment with titanium tetraisopropoxide or cerium(III) chloride, add to aldehydes mainly at the most or least substituted terminus, respectively.In the former case, the configuration of the resulting glycols is predominantly anti.A number of adducts of the dianions with conjugated unsaturated aldehydes and ketones can be converted to unsaturated cyclic 6-membered ring ethers in the presence of acid or methanesulfonyl chloride.
REGIOSELECTIVE REDUCTIONS OF 2,3-EPOXY ALCOHOLS
Viti, Steven M.
, p. 4541 - 4544 (2007/10/02)
Regioselective reduction of 3-substituted-2,3-epoxy alcohols to 1,3-diols with sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride (Red-al) is shown to be a general reaction for these substrates.
