80713-42-4Relevant articles and documents
Analysis of palmitoyl apo-astaxanthinals, apo-astaxanthinones, and their epoxides by UHPLC-PDA-ESI-MS
Weesepoel, Yannick,Gruppen, Harry,De Bruijn, Wouter,Vincken, Jean-Paul
, p. 10254 - 10263 (2014)
Food products enriched with fatty acid-esterified xanthophylls may result in deviating dietary apo-carotenoids. Therefore, free astaxanthin and its mono- and dipalmitate esters were subjected to two degradation processes in a methanolic model system: light-accelerated autoxidation and hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite (HOCl/OCl-) bleaching. Reversed phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array with in-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RP-UHPLC-PDA-ESI-MS) was used for assessment of degradation products. Apo-astaxanthinals and -astaxanthinones containing 3 (apo-9) to 10 (apo-8′) conjugated double bonds were found upon autoxidation for all three types of astaxanthin (except free apo-8′-astaxanthinal). Fragmentation of [M + H]+ and [M + Na]+ parent masses of apo-astaxanthins from dipalmitate astaxanthin indicated palmitate esterification. Astaxanthin monopalmitate degradation resulted in a mixture of free and palmitate apo-astaxanthins. HOCl/OCl- rapidly converted the astaxanthins into a mixture of epoxy-apo-9- and epoxy-apo-13-astaxanthinones. The palmitate ester bond was hardly affected by autoxidation, whereas for HOCl/OCl- the ester bond of the apo-astaxanthin palmitoyl esters was degraded.
Synthese von optisch aktiven, natuerlichen Carotinoiden und strukturell verwandten Naturprodukten. IX. Synthese von (3R)-Hydroxyechinenon, (3R,3'R)- und (3R,3'S)-Adonixanthin, (3R)-Adonirubin, deren optischen Antipoden und verwandten Verbindungen
Bernhard, Kurt,Englert, Gerhard,Mayer, Hans,Mueller, Robert K.,Ruettimann, August,et al.
, p. 2469 - 2484 (2007/10/02)
The synthesis of racemic and optically active hydroxyechinenone (12-14), adonixanthin (16-19), adonirubin (22-24), meso-astaxanthin (26) and their corresponding diosphenols (15, 20, 21, 25, 27, 28, and 29) by Wittig reaction is reported, starting from suitable C15-phosphonium salts and C10-aldehydes.