83882-76-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Catalytic SNAr Hydroxylation and Alkoxylation of Aryl Fluorides
Kang, Qi-Kai,Li, Ke,Li, Yuntong,Lin, Yunzhi,Shi, Hang,Xu, Lun
, p. 20391 - 20399 (2021)
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) is a powerful strategy for incorporating a heteroatom into an aromatic ring by displacement of a leaving group with a nucleophile, but this method is limited to electron-deficient arenes. We have now established a reliable method for accessing phenols and phenyl alkyl ethers via catalytic SNAr reactions. The method is applicable to a broad array of electron-rich and neutral aryl fluorides, which are inert under classical SNAr conditions. Although the mechanism of SNAr reactions involving metal arene complexes is hypothesized to involve a stepwise pathway (addition followed by elimination), experimental data that support this hypothesis is still under exploration. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations suggest either a stepwise or stepwise-like energy profile. Notably, we isolated a rhodium η5-cyclohexadienyl complex intermediate with an sp3-hybridized carbon bearing both a nucleophile and a leaving group.
Triphenylalkene derivatives and their use as selective estrogen receptor modulators
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, (2008/06/13)
The invention provides novel selective estrogen receptor modulator compounds of the general formula: wherein R1 and R2, which are the same or different are a) H, halogen, OCH3, OH; or ?where X is O, NH or S; and n is an integer from 1 to 4; and R4 and R5, which are the same or different, are a 1 to 4 carbon alkyl, H, —CH2C≡CH or —CH2CH2OH; or R4 and R5 form an N-containing five- or six-membered ring or heteroaromatic ring; or c) —Y—(CH2)nCH2—O—R6 where Y is O, NH or S and n is an integer from 1 to 4; and R6 is H, —CH2CH2OH, or —CH2CH2Cl; or d) 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy, 2-methylsulfamylethoxy, 2-chloroethoxy, 1-ethyl-2-hydroxyethoxy, 2,2-diethyl-2-hydroxyethoxy or carboxymethoxy; and R3 is H, halogen, OH or —OCH3; stereoisomers thereof and their non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters and mixtures thereof, which compounds exhibit valuable pharmacological properties.
