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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Catalytic Hydrogenation and Cracking of Anthracene over MoCl3-LiCl-KCl and NiCl2-LiCl-KCl Salts

The MoCl3- and NiCl2-LiCl-KCl salts, which are effective coal liquefaction catalysts, promoted the hydrogenation of anthracene (at 400 deg C for 1 h with 9.8 MPa H2) and afforded tetrahydro- and octahydro- as well as dihydroanthracene as major products.However, these catalysts did not remarkably enhance the ring-opening cracking reactions.A comparative examination suggested that the addition of LiCl-KCl to MoCl3 and NiCl2 suppressed their cracking ability and improved their hydrogenation selectivity.

Aromatic compound hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation method and application thereof

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and discloses an aromatic compound hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation method under mild conditions and application of the method in hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation reactions of the aromatic compounds and related mixtures. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: contacting the aromatic compound or a mixture containing the aromatic compound with a catalyst and hydrogen with proper pressure in a solvent under a proper temperature condition, and reacting the hydrogen, the solvent and the aromatic compound under the action of the catalyst to obtain a corresponding hydrogenation product or/and a hydrodeoxygenation product without an oxygen-containing substituent group. The invention also discloses specific implementation conditions of the method and an aromatic compound structure type applicable to the method. The hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation reaction method used in the invention has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, high hydrodeoxygenation efficiency, wide substrate applicability, convenient post-treatment, and good laboratory and industrial application prospects.

Hydrogenation of naphthalene and anthracene on Pt/C catalysts

Hydrogenation of naphthalene and anthracene deposited on Sibunit and active carbon was studied. The reactions were carried out at a temperature of 280 °C and a pressure of 90 atm. The directions for the complete hydrogenation of the investigated substrates were studied. Correlations between the structures of naphthalene and anthracene and their activity in hydrogen absorption are presented. The hydrogenation rates decrease as the substrate is saturated with hydrogen.

Hydrogenation of Condensed Aromatic Compounds over Mesoporous Bifunctional Catalysts Following a Diels-Alder Adduct Pathway

Pt(0.5 wt %)-Al-SBA-15 and Pt(0.5 wt %)-Al-MCM-41 bifunctional catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation and investigated in the hydrogenation of anthracene and the hydrogenolysis/hydrogenation of a series of synthesized Diels-Alder adducts with anthracene and anthracene derivatives. The mesoporous texture of the investigated catalysts allowed the hydrogenation of these substrates to a large extent. In direct correlation with the size of the Pt particles, Pt-Al-SBA-15 exhibited a higher activity. Both catalysts exhibited a strong Lewis acidity associated with the presence of the Al extra-framework species. The acidity of these catalysts afforded the esterification of the reaction byproduct, that is, succinic anhydride, with methanol or ethanol, and the hydrocracking/decyclization of one hydrogenated ring to lead to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives. A good correlation with the calculated values of the reaction Gibbs free energy has been evidenced.

Quenched skeletal Ni as the effective catalyst for selective partial hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Quenched skeletal Ni is an active and selective catalyst for selective partial hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The molecular structure of PAHs significantly dominate the hydrogenation process and furthermore, the distribution of hydrogenated products.

Facile sonochemical synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported bimetallic Pt-Rh nanoparticles for room temperature hydrogenation of arenes

Bimetallic Pt-Rh nanoparticles can be deposited uniformly on surfaces of carboxylate functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) using a simple one-step sonochemical method. The bimetallic nanoparticle catalyst exhibits a strong synergistic effect relative to the individual Pt or Rh metal nanoparticles for catalytic hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), neat benzene and alkylbenzenes. Complete ring saturation of PAHs can be achieved using the bimetallic Pt-Rh/MWNTs catalyst at room temperature. This one-step synthesis technique provides a simple and rapid way of making highly active and recyclable CNT-supported monometallic and bimetallic nanocatalysts for low temperature hydrogenation reactions.

Reductive hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons catalyzed by metalloporphyrins

The hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene) catalyzed by metalloporphyrins based on cobalt, nickel or iron was studied in aqueous solutions at room temperature and ambient pressure. Nickel porphyrin (P1) activated by nanosized zero-valent iron (nano-ZVI) and cobalt porphyrins (P2) and (P4) activated by titanium(III) citrate as the electron donor were demonstrated to be promising catalysts for the reductive hydrogenation of PAHs. In particular, partially saturated di-, tetra-, and octahydrogenated products were obtained for anthracene or phenanthrene using a nickel porphyrin activated by nano-ZVI, while naphthalene was transformed to tetralin. Systems containing cobalt porphyrins activated by titanium(III) citrate exhibited a high selectivity and activity toward hydrogenation of anthracene, producing 9,10-dihydroanthracene. However, no formation of hydrogenated hydrocarbons was observed from naphthalene or phenanthrene using cobalt porphyrins.

Polyoxometalates as reduction catalysts: Deoxygenation and hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds

Excellent deoxygenation of ketones and aldehydes is achieved with Keggin-type polyoxometalates in the presence of hydrogen (see Equation (1) for an example). The mixed addenda phosphovanadomolybdate [PV2Mo10O4]5- was found to be the best catalyst. X-ray diffraction and IR studies suggest that the polyoxometalates are structurally stable under the strongly reducing conditions.

Mechanochemistry of some hydrocarbons

Aromatic hydrocarbons (biphenyl, naphthalene, anthracene and phenanthrene) were subjected to ball milling (SPEX 8000) with approximately ten-fold weight of inorganic materials (alumina or silica). After about 24 h ail of the hydrocarbons were converted largely to carbon (graphite), but at intermediate stages disproportionation products (tetralin, phenylcyclohexane, bicyclohexyl, 9,10-dihydroanthracene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthracene, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,9a,10-octahydroanthracene, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-actahydroanthracene, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,9a,10-octahydrophenanthrene, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydrophenanthrene) were also obtained in significant yields.

The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of fused polycyclic aromatic compounds at Raney nickel electrodes: the influence of catalyst activation and electrolysis conditions

The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of phenanthrene, anthracene, and naphthalene has been investigated under constant current at Raney nickel electrodes in a mixed aqueous organic medium.The influence of various parameters on the efficiency of the process determined by the current efficiency (a measure of the competition between hydrogenation and hydrogen evolution, the only two electrochemical processes occuring), the extent of hydrogenation (yield of octahydro-derivatives), and the conversion rate was studied with phenanthrene.The best conditions were ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as cosolvent containing between 1.5 to 5percent ofwater, a neutral or slightly acidic medium containing boric acid (0.1 M) as buffer (initial pH of 2.6, final pH of 6.0-6.2), sodium chloride or tetrabutylammonium chloride as supporting electrolyte, a temperature of 80 deg C, and a current density of 42 to 84 mA/cm2.The most active electrodes (consisting of Raney Ni particles dispersed in a nickel matrix and surrounded by a layer of porous nickel) were obtained by leaching the dispersed alloy particles at 75 deg C for 7 h in 30percent aqueous sodium hydroxide.The electrohydrogenation stopped at derivatives with a single aromatic ring, namely the octahydrophenanthrenes, octahydroanthracenes, and tetralin.In a non-buffered medium tetrahydrophenanthrene could be obtained with selectivities of 80percent or better.