85939-49-7Relevant articles and documents
Isolation of a High-valent 'Oxo-like' Manganese Porphyrin Complex obtained from NaOCl Oxidation
Bortolini, Olga,Meunier, Bernard
, p. 1364 - 1366 (1983)
We report the isolation and characterization of a high-valent manganese porphyrin complex which epoxidizes styrene both catalytically and stoicheiometrically.
Remarkable solvent, porphyrin ligand, and substrate effects on participation of multiple active oxidants in manganese(III) porphyrin catalyzed oxidation reactions
Hyun, Min Young,Jo, Young Dan,Lee, Jun Ho,Lee, Hong Gyu,Park, Hyun Min,Hwang, In Hong,Kim, Kyeong Beom,Lee, Suk Joong,Kim, Cheal
, p. 1810 - 1818 (2013/03/13)
The participation of multiple active oxidants generated from the reactions of two manganese(III) porphyrin complexes containing electron-withdrawing and -donating substituents with peroxyphenylacetic acid (PPAA) as a mechanistic probe was studied by carrying out catalytic oxidations of cyclohexene, 1-octene, and ethylbenzene in various solvent systems, namely, toluene, CH 2Cl2, CH3CN, and H2O/CH 3CN (1:4). With an increase in the concentration of the easy-to-oxidize substrate cyclohexene in the presence of [(TMP)MnCl] (1 a) with electron-donating substituents, the ratio of heterolysis to homolysis increased gradually in all solvent systems, suggesting that [(TMP)Mn-OOC(O)R] species 2 a is the major active species. When the substrate was changed from the easy-to-oxidize one (cyclohexene) to difficult-to-oxidize ones (1-octene and ethylbenzene), the ratio of heterolysis to homolysis increased a little or did not change. [(F20TPP)Mn-OOC(O)R] species 2 b generated from the reaction of [(F20TPP)MnCl] (1 b) with electron-withdrawing substituents and PPAA also gradually becomes involved in olefin epoxidation (although to a much lesser degree than with [(TMP)Mn-OOR] 2 a) depending on the concentration of the easy-to-oxidize substrate cyclohexene in all aprotic solvent systems except for CH3CN, whereas MnV=O species is the major active oxidant in the protic solvent system. With difficult-to-oxidize substrates, the ratio of heterolysis to homolysis did not vary except for 1-octene in toluene, indicating that a MnV=O intermediate generated from the heterolytic cleavage of 2 b becomes a major reactive species. We also studied the competitive epoxidations of cis-2-octene and trans-2-octene with two manganese(III) porphyrin complexes by meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) in various solvents under catalytic reaction conditions. The ratios of cis- to trans-2-octene oxide formed in the reactions of MCPBA varied depending on the substrate concentration, further supporting the contention that the reactions of manganese porphyrin complexes with peracids generate multiple reactive oxidizing intermediates. Copyright
PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF ARTEMISININ AN ITS PRECURSORS
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Page/Page column 37-38, (2009/09/04)
The present invention provides processes for the preparation of artemisinin and its precursors including amorphadiene, amorphadiene epoxide, dihydroartemisinic alcohol and dihydroartemisinic acid. Specifically, artemisinin is prepared by multi-step synthetic processes from amorphadiene, amorphadiene epoxide, dihydroartemisinic alcohol or dihydroartemisinic acid. Processes for the preparation of amorphadiene, amorphadiene epoxide, dihydroartemisinic alcohol and dihydroartemisinic acid are also disclosed.