85950-36-3

Upstream product

• 186581-53-3 diazomethane 
• 85950-35-2 1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-toluene-p-sulphonyl-α-D-xylofuranuronic acid 
• 15919-16-1 5-β-formyl-4-β-O-tosyl-2α,3α-O-isopropylidenetetrahydrofuran 
• 582-52-5 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose 
• 2946-01-2 (3aR,5R,6S,6aR)-5-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate 
• 3253-75-6 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-3-O-tosyl-α-D-glucofuranoside 
• 18107-18-1 diazomethyl-trimethyl-silane 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

C-3 epimers of sugar amino acids as foldameric building blocks: improved synthesis, useful derivatives, coupling strategies

To obtain key sugar derivatives for making homooligomeric foldamers or α/β-chimera peptides, economic and multigram scale synthetic methods were to be developed. Though described in the literature, the cost-effective making of both 3-amino-3-deoxy-ribofuranuronic acid (H–tX–OH) and its C-3 epimeric stereoisomer, the 3-amino-3-deoxy-xylofuranuronic acid (H–cX–OH) from d-glucose is described here. The present synthetic route elaborated is (1) appropriate for large-scale synthesis; (2) reagent costs reduced (e.g. by a factor of 400); (3) yields optimized are ~80% or higher for all six consecutive steps concluding –tX– or –cX– and (4) reaction times shortened. Thus, a new synthetic route step-by-step optimized for yield, cost, time and purification is given both for d-xylo and d-ribo-amino-furanuronic acids using sustainable chemistry (e.g. less chromatography with organic solvents; using continuous-flow reactor). Our study encompasses necessary building blocks (e.g. –X–OMe, –X–OiPr, –X–NHMe, Fmoc–X–OH) and key coupling reactions making –Aaa–tX–Aaa– or –Aaa–tX–tX–Aaa– type “inserts”. Completed for both stereoisomers of X, including the newly synthesized Fmoc–cX–OH, producing longer oligomers for drug design and discovery is more of a reality than a wish.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2′,4′- and 3′,4′-bridged nucleoside analogues

Most nucleosides in solution typically exist in equilibrium between two major sugar pucker forms, N-type and S-type, but bridged nucleosides can be locked into one of these conformations depending on their specific structure. While many groups have researched these bridged nucleosides for the purpose of determining their binding affinity for antisense applications, we opted to look into the potential for biological activity within these conformationally-locked structures. A small library of 2′,4′- and 3′,4′-bridged nucleoside analogues was synthesized, including a novel 3′,4′- carbocyclic bridged system. The synthesized compounds were tested for antibacterial, antitumor, and antiviral activities, leading to the identification of nucleosides possessing such biological activities. To the best of our knowledge, these biologically active compounds represent the first example of 2′,4′-bridged nucleosides to demonstrate such properties. The most potent compound, nucleoside 33, exhibited significant antiviral activity against pseudoviruses SF162 (IC50 = 7.0 μM) and HxB2 (IC50 = 2.4 μM). These findings render bridged nucleosides as credible leads for drug discovery in the anti-HIV area of research.

The carbohydrate-sesquiterpene interface. Directed synthetic routes to both (+)- and (-)-fomannosin from D-glucose

(Chemical Equation Presented) An enantiodivergent strategy for the total chemical synthesis of both naturally occurring (+)-fomannosin (1) and its (-)-antipode (ent-1) from α-D-glucose has been developed and successfully implemented. The key steps in the