89692-43-3

Upstream product

• 67713-23-9 2,6-dibromobenzaldehyde 
• 55289-36-6 3-bromo-2-methylaniline 
• 69321-60-4 2,6-dibromotoluene 

Downstream Products

• 2042-37-7 o-cyanobromobenzene 
• 6575-12-8 2,6-dibromobenzonitrile 
• 67713-23-9 2,6-dibromobenzaldehyde 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Palladium-Catalyzed (3+3) Annulation of Allenylethylene Carbonates with Nitrile Oxides

In this paper, we designed and synthesized a new type of cyclic carbonates, allenylethylene carbonates (AECs). With AECs as reactive precursors, we developed palladium-catalyzed (3+3) annulation of AECs with nitrile oxides. Various AECs worked well in this reaction under mild reaction conditions. A variety of 5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-dioxazine derivatives with allenyl quaternary stereocenters can be accessed in a facile manner in high yields (≤98%).

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Nonsteroidal Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) Antagonists: Molecular Basis of FXR Antagonism

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays an important role in the regulation of cholesterol, lipid, and glucose metabolism. Recently, several studies on the molecular basis of FXR antagonism have been reported. However, none of these studies employs an FXR antagonist with nonsteroidal scaffold. On the basis of our previously reported FXR antagonist with a trisubstituted isoxazole scaffold, a novel nonsteroidal FXR ligand was designed and used as a lead for structural modification. In total, 39 new trisubstituted isoxazole derivatives were designed and synthesized, which led to pharmacological profiles ranging from agonist to antagonist toward FXR. Notably, compound 5s (4′-[(3-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(2-thienyl)isoxazol-4-yl]methoxy}-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid), containing a thienyl-substituted isoxazole ring, displayed the best antagonistic activity against FXR with good cellular potency (IC50=12.2±0.2μM). Eventually, this compound was used as a probe in a molecular dynamics simulation assay. Our results allowed us to propose an essential molecular basis for FXR antagonism, which is consistent with a previously reported antagonistic mechanism; furthermore, E467 on H12 was found to be a hot-spot residue and may be important for the future design of nonsteroidal antagonists of FXR. X marks the spot: 39 trisubstituted isoxazoles were designed and synthesized, leading to compounds with pharmacological profiles ranging from agonist to antagonist at the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). By using the most potent antagonist as a probe, the essential molecular basis of FXR antagonism is proposed, and E467 on H12 can be regarded as a hot-spot residue for the future design of nonsteroidal antagonists of FXR.