91319-60-7

Upstream product

• 446-52-6 2-Fluorobenzaldehyde 
• 16640-68-9 cyanomethylene triphenylphosphorane 
• 446-51-5 2-fluorobenzyl alcohol 
• 75-05-8 acetonitrile 
• 234115-62-9 trans-β-methyl-2-fluorostyrene 
• 764-42-1 1,2-Dicyanoethylene 
• 2537-48-6 diethyl 1-cyanomethylphosphonate 
• 103417-98-7 2-cyano-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)acrylic acid 

Downstream Products

• 877149-83-2 3-(2-fluorophenyl)propanenitrile 
• 91319-61-8 (Z)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)acrylonitrile 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

E- and Z-, di- and tri-substituted alkenyl nitriles through catalytic cross-metathesis

Nitriles are found in many bioactive compounds, and are among the most versatile functional groups in organic chemistry. Despite many notable recent advances, however, there are no approaches that may be used for the preparation of di- or tri-substituted alkenyl nitriles. Related approaches that are broad in scope and can deliver the desired products in high stereoisomeric purity are especially scarce. Here, we describe the development of several efficient catalytic cross-metathesis strategies, which provide direct access to a considerable range of Z- or E-di-substituted cyano-substituted alkenes or their corresponding tri-substituted variants. Depending on the reaction type, a molybdenum-based monoaryloxide pyrrolide or chloride (MAC) complex may be the optimal choice. The utility of the approach, enhanced by an easy to apply protocol for utilization of substrates bearing an alcohol or a carboxylic acid moiety, is highlighted in the context of applications to the synthesis of biologically active compounds.

meta-Selective C?H Borylation of Benzylamine-, Phenethylamine-, and Phenylpropylamine-Derived Amides Enabled by a Single Anionic Ligand

Selective functionalization at the meta position of arenes remains a significant challenge. In this work, we demonstrate that a single anionic bipyridine ligand bearing a remote sulfonate group enables selective iridium-catalyzed borylation of a range of common amine-containing aromatic molecules at the arene meta position. We propose that this selectivity is the result of a key hydrogen bonding interaction between the substrate and catalyst. The scope of this meta-selective borylation is demonstrated on amides derived from benzylamines, phenethylamines and phenylpropylamines; amine-containing building blocks of great utility in many applications.

Photocatalytic E → Z isomerization of polarized alkenes inspired by the visual cycle: Mechanistic dichotomy and origin of selectivity

Iteratively executed with exquisite spatial and temporal control, the selective isomerization of polarized alkenes underpins a plethora of complex biological processes ranging from natural product biosynthesis through to the mammalian visual cycle. However, nature's proficiency conceals the inherent difficulties in replicating this contrathermodynamic transformation in the laboratory. Recently, we disclosed the first highly Z-selective isomerization of polarized alkenes, employing the cinnamoyl chromophore as a retinal surrogate under UV-irradiation (402 nm) with (-)-riboflavin (Vitamin B2) as an inexpensive, organic photocatalyst (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 11254-11257). This study was inspired by the propensity of crystalline (-)-riboflavin in the eyes of vertebrates to invert the intrinsic directionality of retinal isomerization. Herein, we extend this methodology to include a bioinspired, catalytic E → Z isomerization of α,β-unsaturated nitriles, thereby mimicking the intermediate Opsin-derived, protonated Schiff base in the visual cycle with simple polarized alkenes. Replacement of the iminium motif by a cyano group is well tolerated and gives an additional degree of versatility for postisomerization functionalization. Broad substrate scope is demonstrated (up to 99:1 Z:E) together with evidence of mechanistic dichotomy via both singlet and triplet energy transfer mechanisms. Kinetic studies, temperature dependent photostationary state correlations and investigation of substituent-based electronic perturbation of the alkene identified polarization combined with increased Z-isomer activation barriers as the selectivity governing factors in catalysis. This investigation demonstrates the importance of internal structural preorganization on photostationary composition and explicates the augmented Z-selectivity upon hydrogen-alkyl exchange at the β-position of the alkene.

Rhodium(III)-catalyzed oxadiazole-directed alkenyl C-H activation for synthetic access to 2-acylamino and 2-amino pyridines

We report herein a Rh(III)-catalyzed alkenyl C-H activation protocol for the coupling of oxadiazoles with alkynes and synthesis of 2- acylamino and 2-amino pyridines, an important heterocyclic scaffold for various naturals products and synthetic pharmaceuticals bearing a readily reacting functional group. The selective protection/deprotection of amino groups through simple solvent switching, good functional group compatibility, superior product yield, and high regioselectivity are some of the notable synthetic features witnessed in this reaction protocol.

Preparation method of trans-alpha, beta-unsaturated nitriles compound

The invention relates to a preparation method of a trans-alpha, beta-unsaturated nitriles compound. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a benzyl alcohol compound, acetonitrile, a promoter and alkali, and carrying out reflux reaction completely to obtain reaction liquid; carrying out conventional extraction, drying, concentration and column chromatographic separation on the reaction liquid in sequence to obtain the trans-alpha, beta-unsaturated nitriles compound. The preparation method belongs to double-component one-boiler reaction, so that conditions are relatively mild, and raw materials are easy to prepare and readily available; the operation is simple, the yield is relatively high, and greenness, environment friendliness and economy can be realized; large-scale production can be realized; the preparation method has an extremely good application potential on the aspect of fine chemicals, and has a relatively good industrial application prospect.

Entangled Cu Complex over Fe3O4@SiO2 as Supported Catalyst for Synthesis of Alkenyl Nitriles with Aromatic Aldehydes and Acetonitrile

An efficient, green and practical approach to synthesize alkenyl nitriles using new supported Cu(II) catalyst via aromatic aldehydes and acetonitrile was developed. The novel catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM/EDX, TEM, TGA and VSM. Interestingly, the catalyst was found to be active for synthesis of alkenyl nitriles, which were readily obtained in good yields under mild conditions. But most importantly, the original catalyst could be conveniently recovered and recycled from the reaction system by applying an external magnet and reused in four cycles without significant loss in catalytic activity. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

PYRAZOLO[1,5-a]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS KINASE JAK-2 INHIBITORS

A compound of the general formula (I), useful for treating myeloproliferative, cancer,or inflammatory diseases, wherein Q represents a six-membered heteroaromatic ring containing 2 N atoms and R1 is hydrogen atom,or Q represents a five-membered heteroaromatic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N and S,one substituent R1 is attached at C or N atom of said Q ringand R1 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C4-alkyl and C3-C4-cycloalkyl;R2 represents-NR7aR7bor-CH2-NR8aR8b;R3 represents C1-C4-alkyl;R4 represents phenylora 5-or 6-membered heteroarylcontaining 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N and S, and R4 is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, trifluoromethyl,hydroxyl and C1-C4-alkoxyl;R5 and R6 independently represent hydrogenatom or C1-C4-alkyl,and at least one of R5 and R6 represents hydrogen atom;and other substituents are as defined in the specification; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

PYRIDINONE DERIVATIVES AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS THEREOF

Pyridinone derivatives, process for their preparation, their use for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, and their use for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, especially sex-hormone-related conditions in both men and women, as well as a mammal in general (also referred to herein as a "subject"). For example, such conditions include endometriosis, uterine fibroids, polycystic ovarian disease, heavy menstrual bleeding, particularly menorrahagia and dysmenorrehea, hirsutism, precocious puberty, gonadal steroid-dependent neoplasia such as cancers of the prostate, breast and ovary, gonadotrope pituitary adenomas, sleep apnea, irritable bowel syndrome, premenstrual syndrome, benign prostatic hypertrophy, contraception and infertility (e.g., assisted reproductive therapy such as in vitro fertilization). The present application relates in particular to pyridinone derivatives as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonists.

An efficient transformation from benzyl or allyl halides to aryl and alkenyl nitriles

(Figure presented) A novel approach to aryl or alkenyl nitriles from benzyl and allyl halides has been developed. A tandem TBAB-catalyzed substitution and the subsequent novel oxidative rearrangement are involved in this transformation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first transformation from allyl halides to alkenyl nitriles. The broad reaction scope and the mild conditions may make these methods of use in organic synthesis.

Reactions of Co-ordinated Ligands. Part 10. Rhodium-catalysed Cyclisation of 3-(2-Fluorophenyl)propanols to Chromans

The cyclisation of several 3-(2-fluorophenyl)-propanols to the corresponding chroman occurs in nitromethane-acetone solution at 80 deg C when either the hexafluorophosphate (3) or tetrafluoroborate salt (4) of the (η5-ethyltetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(η6-benzene)rhodium(III) cation is used as a catalyst; the former salt is the more effective catalyst.The cyclisation is believed to involve the activation of the aryl fluoride (towards intramolecular nucleophilic substitution by the hydroxy group) by the formation of a metal complex in which the aryl fluoride is ?-bonded with the metal cation.It is suggested that the arene-exchange reaction which gives this ?-bonded complex proceeds faster with the salt (3) than with the salt (4), and that this is the main factor for the greater efficiency of the former salt as a cyclisation catalyst.