942262-52-4Relevant articles and documents
Halogen Bond-Assisted Electron-Catalyzed Atom Economic Iodination of Heteroarenes at Room Temperature
Kazi, Imran,Guha, Somraj,Sekar, Govindasamy
, p. 6642 - 6654 (2019/06/14)
A halogen bond-assisted electron-catalyzed iodination of heteroarenes has been developed for the first time under atom economic condition at room temperature. The iodination is successful with just 0.55 equiv of iodine and 0.50 equiv of peroxide. The kinetic study indicates that the reaction is elusive in the absence of a halogen bond between the substrate and iodine. The formation of a halogen bond, its importance in lowering the activation barrier for this reaction, the presence of radical intermediates in a reaction mixture, and the regioselectivity of the reaction have been demonstrated with several control experiments, spectroscopic analysis, and quantum chemical calculations. Allowing the formation of the halogen bond may offer a new strategy to generate the reactive radical intermediates and to enable the otherwise elusive electron-catalyzed reactions under mild reaction conditions.
Potent platelet-derived growth factor-β receptor (PDGF-βR) inhibitors: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-[3-(cyclohexylmethyl)ureido]-3-{1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl} quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives
Aoki, Katsuyuki,Obata, Tatsuhiro,Yamazaki, Yosuke,Mori, Yoshikazu,Hirokawa, Hiroko,Koseki, Jun-Ichi,Hattori, Tomohisa,Niitsu, Kazuaki,Takeda, Shuichi,Aburada, Masaki,Miyamoto, Ken-Ichi
, p. 255 - 267 (2007/10/03)
We found previously that 7-[3-(cyclohexylmethyl)ureido]-3-{1-methyl-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl}quinoxalin-2(1H)-one (7d-6) has considerable potency as a PDGF inhibitor. This compound showed potent inhibitory activity in a PDGF-induced CPA (Cell Proliferation Assay) and APA (Auto-Phosphorylation Assay) (IC50=0.05 μmol/l in CPA, 0.03 μmol/l in APA). Therefore, we tried to develop a novel and effective PDGF-βR inhibitor by optimizing a series of its derivatives. We found that trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)-catalyzed coupling of pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines with quinoxalin-2-ones proceeded efficiently under mild oxidation condition with manganese(IV) oxide (MnO2) in situ, so this method was applied to prepare a series of derivatives. Results of in vitro screening of newly synthesized derivatives identified compound 7d-9 as having potent (IC50=0.014 μmol/l in CPA, 0.007 μmol/l in APA) and selective [IC50 values against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, kinase domain region, KDR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) and insulin growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR)/IC50 against PDGFR were each >1000] inhibitory activity. Moreover, in this series of derivatives, 7b-2 showed potent inhibitory activity toward both PDGF- and VEGF-induced signaling (PDGFR: IC50=0.004 μmol/l in CPA, 0.0008 μmol/l in APA, KDR: IC 50=0.008 μmol/l in APA). Herein we report a new and convenient synthetic method for this series of derivatives and its SAR study.