946-25-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Pyrrolidone-functional smart polymers via nitroxide-mediated polymerization
Savelyeva, Xeniya,Maric, Milan
, p. 2011 - 2024 (2014)
Nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) of N-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) pyrrolidone (MAEPYR) with 2-([tert-butyl[1-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-2,2- dimethylpropyl]amino]oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (BlocBuilder) initiator and N-tert-butyl-N-[1-diethylphosphono-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)] (SG1) nitroxide permitted controlled synthesis of poly(N-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)-pyrrolidone- stat-9-(4-vinylbenzyl)-9H-carbazole) (poly(MAEPYR-stat-VBK)) statistical copolymers. With at least 5 mol % VBK, the dispersity D strok sign of the copolymers was below 1.4 at conversions less than 50%. At conversions higher than 50%, and at lower VBK feed content, there was a significant amount of termination reactions, which broadened the molecular weight distribution of the final polymers (= 1.4-2.3). The MAEPYR-rich statistical copolymers were subsequently tested for thermoresponsive behavior in aqueous media. The cloud point temperatures (CPTs) in aqueous solution were tuned by changing the VBK composition, solution concentration, and heating rate, and the transitions were thermally reversible with partial loss of reversibility at higher heating rates. The CPT decreased from 59.0 to 49.7 C with addition of only 1 mol % of VBK in the copolymer, and at more than 6 mol % VBK, the copolymer was water insoluble.
CATALYTIC PROCESS FOR PREPARING (METH)ACRYLIC ESTERS OF N-HYDROXYALKYLATED LACTAMS
-
Page/Page column 4-5, (2010/02/17)
A process for preparing (meth)acrylic esters (F) of N-hydroxyalkylated lactams, in which cyclic N-hydroxyalkylated lactams (L) in which R1 is C1-C5-alkylene, or C2-C20-alkylene interrupted by one or more oxygen and/or sulfur atoms and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted imino groups and/or by one or more cycloalkyl, —(CO)—, —O(CO)O—, —(NH)(CO)O—, —O(CO)(NH)—, —O(CO)— or —(CO)O— groups, where the radicals mentioned may each be substituted by aryl, alkyl, aryloxy, alkyloxy, heteroatoms and/or heterocycles, with the proviso that R1 must not have any atom other than a carbon atom directly adjacent to the lactam carbonyl group, R2 is C1-C20-alkylene, C5-C12-cycloalkylene, C6-C12-arylene, or C2-C20-alkylene interrupted by one or more oxygen and/or sulfur atoms and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted imino groups and/or by one or more cycloalkyl, —(CO)—, —O(CO)O—, —(NH)(CO)O—, —O(CO)(NH)—, —O(CO)— or —(CO)O— groups, where the radicals mentioned may each be substituted by aryl, alkyl, aryloxy, alkyloxy, heteroatoms and/or heterocycles, or R2—OH is a group of the formula —[Xi]k—H, k is from 1 to 50 and Xi, for each i=1 to k, may each independently be selected from the group of —CH2—CH2—O—, —CH2—CH2—N(H)—, —CH2—CH2—CH2—N(H)—, —CH2—CH(NH2)—, —CH2—CH(NHCHO)—, —CH2—CH(CH3)—O—, —CH(CH3)—CH2—O—, —CH2—C(CH3)2—O—, —C(CH3)2—CH2—O—, —CH2—CH2—CH2—O—, —CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—O—, —CH2—CHVin—O—, —CHVin—CH2—O—, —CH2—CHPh—O— and —CHPh—CH2—O—, in which Ph is phenyl and Vin is vinyl, in the presence of at least one metal salt of C1-C10-alkoxides (A), is esterified with (meth)acrylic acid (S) or transesterified with at least one (meth)acrylic ester (D), in which the metal salt of C1-C10-alkoxides (A) used as a catalyst is added in the absence of solvents and completely at the start of the reaction.
